Paj Huam yog qhov muaj peev xwm nkag mus tau tshaj plaws thiab yog li cov ntawv tsim qauv nrov ntawm cov neeg muaj tswv yim. Tab sis txawm tias muaj peev xwm hais cov lus sib dhos los ntawm kev sim thiab qhov yuam kev. Koj tuaj yeem zam lawv yog tias koj siv qee qhov kev paub theoretical.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog
Ntawv thiab cwj mem
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Pib los ntawm kev kawm ntau cov syllabo-tonic versification system. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov kab ke no yog: dicotyledonous iambic thiab trochee, trilobate anapest, amphibrachium thiab dactyl. Thawj, iambic, tsim raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no: thawj syllable tsis ruaj khov, qhov thib ob yog kev nyaub siab. Cov koob ntawm cov suab lus uas tsis txaus ntseeg thiab nyob ua ke mus tsis tau zoo yog hu ua ko taw.
Nws tuaj yeem muaj peb mus rau tsib ntu ib kab. Piv txwv:
“Tsaus ntuj thiab tshav, yog hnub zoo, Koj tseem tsaug zog, nyob zoo cov phooj ywg …"
(A. Pushkin)
Sau rau hauv no loj 12-20 kab.
Kauj ruam 2
Qhov loj me thib ob - kab plaub hau - ua rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: kev poob siab-tsis poob siab. Piv txwv:
Lub cuckoo pw ntawm ib tsob ntoo
Mob qog hauv qab pob zeb pom kev npau suav …"
(D. Hans)
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khub ntawm syllables feem ntau kuj txawv ntawm peb mus rau tsib. Sau rau hauv no loj 12-20 kab.
Kauj ruam 3
Thawj peb-ntu loj yog dactyl: ntxhov siab, ob tsis nkees (ko taw twb muaj peb lub suab lus). Piv txwv:
“Zoo siab rau koj, tsis muaj kev cia siab!
Tus huab tais grey-eyed tuag nag hmo …"
(A. Akhmatova)
Tus naj npawb ntawm tus taw yog feem ntau 3-5. Sau ib daig me me hauv qhov loj me no.
Kauj ruam 4
Amphibrachium - peb-txhais ko taw loj, ua raws cov qauv: tsis ruaj khov - ceeb - tsis meej.
"Tus mermaid sailed raws tus dej xiav …"
(M. Lermontov)
Sau 12-20 kab hauv qhov loj no siv li 3-5 nres ib kab.
Kauj ruam 5
Lub dimension kawg ntawm cov kab ke no yog anapest. Ko taw qauv: ob qho tsis ruaj khov - poob siab. Piv txwv:
“Koj yuav tsa kuv thaum sawv ntxov, koj yuav tawm mus yam tsis muaj khau …"
(A. Voznesensky)
Sau 12-20 kab hauv tus lej no, tus naj npawb ntawm nres hauv kab 3-5.
Kauj Ruam 6
Rhyme, uas yog, qhov kawg ntawm kab, yog ntawm plaub yam. Masculine - thaum ib kab xaus nrog cov lus hais uas sib zog. Feminine - thaum ib kab xaus nrog thawj (tom qab ntxhov siab) kab lus tsis xwm yeem. Dactylic - ntawm lub thib ob (tom qab ntxhov siab) unstressed syllable. Hyperdactic - ntawm peb tsis poob siab. Thawj ob yog qhov tshaj plaws. Tshawb xyuas cov nqe uas twb sau cia lawm thiab txiav txim siab tias yuav siv cov suab twg. Yog tias ib yam dab tsi raug saib tsis taus, sau ib zaj paj huam siv nws.
Kauj Ruam 7
Muaj peb txoj hauv kev ntawm kev sib dhos: Ua khub. Hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov duab kos, nws tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li hauv qab no:
TAB SIS
TAB SIS
B
B
Hla:
TAB SIS
B
TAB SIS
B
Kev txhaum:
TAB SIS
B
B
TAB SIS
Tshawb xyuas cov nqe uas twb sau cia lawm thiab txiav txim siab tias yuav siv cov suab twg. Yog tias ib qho kev xaiv tau ploj, sau rau nws.
