Tam sim no peb nyob raws Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub. Hauv peb lub teb chaws, nws tau qhia los ntawm Tsab Cai ntawm Pab Pawg ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev Hauv Lub Ib Hlis 24, 1918. Txoj cai lij choj tau hais tias daim ntawv qhia hnub nyoog tshiab tau raug qhia txog kev siv pej xeem nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm "tsim kom muaj nyob rau hauv Lavxias reckoning lub sijhawm uas yog tib yam nrog yuav luag txhua haiv neeg kev coj noj coj ua."
Cov ntawv qhia hnub Julian thiab Gregorian
Ua ntej kev hloov pauv mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub, uas tau tshwm sim ntawm cov sijhawm sib txawv hauv cov tebchaws sib txawv, Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub tau siv dav. Nws tau muab npe rau hauv kev hwm ntawm Roman tus huab tais Gaius Julius Caesar, leej twg, raws li nws ntseeg, nyob rau hauv 46 BC, qhov kev hloov kho daim phiaj xwm.
Lub sijhawm Julian zoo nkaus li ua los ntawm Egyptian daim ntawv qhia hnub ci. Lub Xya Hli Julian yog 365,25 hnub. Tab sis nws muaj peev xwm tsuas yog tag nrho cov hnub hauv ib xyoos. Yog li ntawd, nws tau xav: yuav tsum xav txog peb lub xyoos sib npaug nrog 365 hnub, thiab plaub xyoos tom qab lawv sib npaug rau 366 hnub. Xyoo no nrog ib hnub ntxiv tau raug hu ua leap xyoo.
Xyoo 1582, Pope Gregory XIII tau muab ib qho kev txiav txim muab ib tus heev nyuj "rov qab los rau qhov tseeb thaum lub Peb Hlis 21." Nws tau los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd ploj mus txij hnub tau teem sijhawm los ntawm kaum hnub, uas tau muab tshem tawm txij xyoo ntawd 1582. Thiab yog li hais tias qhov kev ua yuam kev tsis sib sau nyob rau yav tom ntej, nws tau raug xaj kom pov tseg peb hnub tawm ntawm txhua 400 xyoo. Ntau xyoo tsis yog xyoo dhau xyoo, cov lej ntawm cov lej yog 100 tus, tab sis tsis tshaj cov lej ntawm 400.
Tus Pope hem hem tawm rau txhua tus neeg uas yuav tsis hloov mus rau Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub. Yuav luag tam sim ntawd, Catholic lub teb chaws tsiv mus rau nws. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, Protestant xeev tau ua raws li lawv cov piv txwv. Hauv Orthodox Russia thiab tim Nkij teb chaws, Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub tau ua raws li kom txog thaum thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 20th.
Daim calendar twg raug dua
Qhov kev sib cav hais txog ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub twg - Gregorian lossis Julian, tseeb dua, tsis poob qis rau niaj hnub no. Ntawm ib sab tes, lub xyoo ntawm Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub ze dua rau xyoo thiaj li hu ua lub xyoo huab cua sov - lub sijhawm nyob nruab nrab thaum lub ntiaj teb ua rau kev ua tiav nyob ib puag ncig lub hnub. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub, lub xyoo sov yog 365.2422 hnub. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem siv Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub qub rau kev suav cov hnub qub.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov kho daim ntawv qhia hnub ntawm Gregory XIII tsis yog kom coj lub sijhawm ntev xyoo los ze rau qhov loj me hauv lub xyoo sov. Hauv nws lub sijhawm, tsis muaj ib qho zoo tshaj plaws yog xyoo tauj. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev hloov pauv tau ua raws li kev txiav txim siab ntawm pawg ntseeg Christian thaum ub nyob rau lub sijhawm ua kev zoo siab ntawm Easter. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tau ua tiav kev ua tiav.
Cov kev ntseeg dav dav tias Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub yog "tseeb dua" thiab "paub ntau dua" tshaj li Julian daim ntawv qhia tsuas yog kev ntseeg ntawm tus kheej. Gregorian daim ntawv qhia hnub, raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, yog astronomically tsis ncaj ncees thiab yog ib qho kev sib txuam ntawm Julian daim.
