Kazimir Severinovich Malevich yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias artist, tus tsim ntawm kev coj tshiab hauv kev pleev xim - Suprematism - thiab tus theorist ntawm nrag. Cov haujlwm muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm Malevich yog xim nrag "Dub Square", kev sib cav txog qhov twg tsis qis rau niaj hnub no.
Kazimir Malevich - tus tsim ntawm Suprematism
Tus kws ua yeeb yaj kiab yav tom ntej tau yug hauv 1878 hauv Kiev hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb los ntawm Poland. Malevich tau txais nws txoj kev kawm ua ntej ntawm Kiev Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv Daim Duab, thiab tom qab ntawd tom tsev kawm ntawv Moscow ntawm Kev Ua Si, Duab Ntxas thiab Architecture. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau mus kawm kos duab chav ntawm F. Rerberg tau ntau xyoo.
Thawj qhov kev paub txog ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Kazimir Malevich yog txuam nrog 14 kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Moscow Association ntawm Cov Neeg Tsim Nyog xyoo 1907, qhov twg 2 ntu ntawm cov kws kos duab tau nthuav tawm. Nws kuj tau koom nrog rau hauv kev nthuav tawm ntawm "Jack of Diamonds", Thawj Qhov Chaw Tawm Tsam Moscow, "Union ntawm Cov Hluas", "Donkey Tail", "Contemporary Painting".
Hauv cia li 10 xyoo, txij li xyoo 1903 txog rau xyoo 1913, tus kws kos duab tau tawm ntawm lub tswv yim thiab lub cim mus rau fauvism Lavxias ntau yam - primitivism thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau cubo-futurism thiab suprematism.
Kazimir Malevich ua raws li tus theorist ntawm txoj kev tshiab hauv kev kos duab hauv daim ntawv qhia "Los ntawm Cubism thiab Futurism rau Suprematism" (1915). Nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm luv luv, nws tau dhau los ntawm 3 tshooj.
Txij xyoo 1910, kev ua haujlwm ntawm Kazimir Malevich tau dhau los ua ib hom "kev kuaj hauv av" qhov twg muaj peev xwm tshiab ntawm kev pleev xim tau raug kuaj thiab hwm. Kev tshawb nrhiav tau mus rau ntau qhov kev qhia, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws kos duab hauv cov xyoo no yog lub voj voog ntawm cov duab, uas coj Malevich cov koob meej loj. Cov no yog cov paub zoo canvases "Cov Nyuj thiab Cov Violin", "Tus Aviator", "Tus Askiv nyob rau hauv Moscow", "Portrait ntawm Ivan Klyun". Hauv lawv, tus kws ua yeeb yam pom qhia txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev teeb tsa qhov chaw ntawm kev pleev xim, tsis paub txog tus Fabkis cubist.
"Dub Square" - cov duab ci ntsa iab lossis quackery?
Hauv nruab nrab ntawm xyoo 1915, tau sau ntau tshaj 39 daim duab, kev txhawb nqa hauv cov qauv ntawm Cubism, tab sis tsis ntev li cov hom phiaj tsis yog, Malevich tau muab lub npe ntawm cov xim tshiab - Suprematism. Lub npe nrov "Dub Square", uas tau ua rau pom tseeb thaum xyoo 1915 ntawm kev ua yeeb yam zaum kawg ntawm cov futurists, dhau los ua qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev taw qhia txuj ci no. Nws yog daim duab no, raws li tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej, uas yuav tsum pib qhov kawg ntawm "pom, kos duab kos duab". Hauv nws daim ntawv Malevich tshaj tawm Suprematism pib ntawm kev coj noj coj ua tshiab.
"Dub Square" thiab lwm cov Suprematist duab los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab yog cov khoom sib txuas uas cov duab tseem ceeb yog cov duab ntawm cov duab geometric ntawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los hauv cov xim. Hauv cov haujlwm no, txawm tias qhov tseeb me ntsis ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog kiag li. Txawm li cas los xij, Malevich kev ua haujlwm tau qhov txawv los ntawm qee qhov kev sib raug zoo ntuj, uas tshwm ntawm qib "cosmic".
Tam sim no, peb version ntawm daim duab "Dub Square", pleev xim los ntawm Kazimir Malevich, tau paub.
Sau cov qauv duab geometric yooj yim tshaj plaws (square), siv cov xim yooj yim - dub thiab dawb - tau ua rau muaj kev xav zoo siab rau yuav luag ib puas xyoo, ua rau muaj kev sib cav.
Ntau tus kws tshawb nrhiav tau sim thiab tseem tab tom sim daws qhov kev paub tsis meej ntawm daim duab no. Kev txhais ntawm daim duab no los ntawm Malevich yog qhov tsis tshua sib haum - los ntawm qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse mus rau ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev ua phem, los ntawm ib qho kev paub tab ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv tom qab uas muaj kiag li tsis muaj kev paub tsis meej rau cov neeg Yudais cov cim, thiab txawm tias qhov kev lees paub ntawm tus kheej. ntawm Dab Ntxwg Nyoog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus.
Yuav tsum tau hais tias raws li nws tuaj yeem, Malevich tsim tau zoo kawg canvas, uas, zoo li cov hlau nplaum, nyiam cov neeg nyiam thiab cov kws tshaj lij ntawm nrag.
