Vaj tse nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm classicism ua si lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv kos duab ua qauv chaw ntawm Moscow. Yuav luag txhua tus ntawm lawv yog monument tiag tiag ntawm architecture thiab keeb kwm.
Ua li cas Moscow classicism tshwm sim?
Classicism hauv Lavxias architecture tshwm sim thaum lub caij kav ntawm Catherine Great. Thawj thawj zaug hauv lub sijhawm ntev, cov tub ceev xwm tau saib xyuas kev dai kom zoo nkauj tsis yog qhov tshiab (Petersburg), tab sis kuj yog cov peev txheej thaum ub. Rau ntau xyoo lawm, Moscow, uas tau poob nws txoj cai li peev hauv Peter I thiab raug tso tseg los ntawm lub tsev hais plaub nyob rau hauv Anna Ioanovna, yuav luag tau tso pov tseg.
Ntau lub tsev hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qauv kev ua ntej, tsim hauv lub caij no, puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm hluav taws kub hauv Moscow ntawm 1812. Emperor Alexander Kuv tau hais kom rov tsim lub peev txheej qub hauv tib lub qub - thiab lub nroog tau zoo nkauj dua. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv Moscow, classicism tau txais nws cov yam ntxwv peculiar. Tsis zoo li St. Petersburg, nws yog qhov ntau dua. Thiab tag nrho vim tias nws tau tsim ntawm lub nroog qub, uas tom qab ntawd Moscow muaj.
Nta ntawm cov
Txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, ntau hom nroog nroog tau tsim kho. Lub tsev ntawm lub tsev tau sib cais ntawm txoj kev los ntawm lub loog kev ua si, thiab lub tsev nws tus kheej tau nyob "kev thaj yeeb". Los yog nws tau tig mus rau sab nrauv, thiab cov chaw so ntawm cov vaj (lub vaj, loog vaj tsev) tau muab zais tom qab. Tsis tas li, lub tsev yuav muaj txoj kev sib npaug zos thiab cov tiaj ua si. Lub tsev sib dhos loj feem ntau tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov qhov rooj nkag, nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntim, tis-tis tau ncaj qha nyob hauv nruab nrab lossis txuas nrog nws los ntawm chav ua tsev. Qhov peb-seem ntim tau teev ntawm elongated ntau lossis ib-oval hauv ntej lub tshav puam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ib lub tswv yim tshwj xeeb ntawm "kaum" lub tsev, tig mus rau ob txoj kev thiab tsim ib lub kaum ntawm lawv. Cov kws tsim qauv pauv cov duab zoo li "manor hauv nroog" rau pej xeem cov tsev, txawm hais tias, tau kawg, lawv ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Lawv yog cov piv txwv tshaj plaws ntawm Moscow classicism.
Cov monuments nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Moscow classicism
Senate Palace
Lub tsev nyob rau qhov chaw ntawm thaj tsam ntawm Moscow Kremlin. Nws tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev no uas Lavxias tus thawj coj sau cia nws lub Xyoo Tshiab chaw nyob, vim nws yog nws qhov chaw nyob. Senate Palace tsim tau los ntawm 1776 txog 1787. Nws cov kws sau ntawv yog tus kws kes duab vajtse Matvey Kazakov. Lub hwj chim sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog pilasters thiab blades, uas so ntawm qhov qis qis dua ntawm qib qis.
Pashkov lub tsev
Lub tsev yog suav hais tias yog tus tiag tiag hlaws ntawm Moscow classicism. Nws nce mus rau ib lub toj uas txawv ntawm Kremlin. Nws tsis paub meej tias leej twg tsim lub tsev: Matvey Kazakov lossis Vasily Bazhenov. Pashkov lub tsev tau tsim hauv ib nrab-80s ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Nws yog npe tom qab nws thawj tus tswv.
theatre
Lub tsev tsim tau thaum ntxov 20s ntawm xyoo pua puv 19. Bolshoi Theatre yog tsim los ua qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm chav ua yeeb yam hauv nroog. Nws yuav tsum tau lees paub tias cov neeg tsim qauv Bove thiab Kavos tau ua tiav txoj haujlwm no.
Cov neeg tsis muaj tsev
Lunins cov qub txeeg qub teg, uas tam sim no tau tuav los ntawm Lub Tsev Khaws Khoom Qub ntawm Kev Ntseeg Keeb Kwm, yog ib qho ntawm kev tsim Domenico Gilardi. Nws raug lees paub tias yog tus qauv siv. Tus qub kws tsim qauv tsim cov av ntawm Gagarin princes.
Cov qub txeeg qub teg Khrushchev-Seleznev tau tsim los ntawm Gilardi cov tub ntxhais kawm, Afanasy Grigoriev. Nws kuj yog tus tswv cuab ua haujlwm Lopukhins-Stanitsky cov cuab yeej cuab tam.
