Nikolai Gogol zaj dab neeg "Taras Bulba" tau tshoov siab sau ntau lus Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws. Tag nrho, ntau tshaj 10 daim nkauj raug tsim los raws li nws lub siab nyiam. Tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj kev vam meej, thiab qee qhov tsis tau ua keeb kwm.
Tus thawj ua haujlwm raws li "Taras Bulba"
Thawj ua yeeb yam raws Gogol zaj dab neeg tau tsim los ntawm cov kws sau nkauj Nikolai Yakovlevich Afanasyev ze 1860. Nikolai Afanasyev yog tus kws sau cov ntawv zoo nkauj ntau yam, xws li La Bayadère, Yauxej, Robert Ntxwg Nyoog, tab sis nws Taras Bulba tsis yog ib feem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv lub neej - qhov ua yeeb yam yeej tsis tau sim dua ib zaug li.
Taras Bulba los ntawm Lavxias composer Kashperov thawj zaug tsim tawm xyoo 1887 ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam yog qhov ua tiav, tab sis nws yeej tsis dhau los ua qhov qub: tam sim no nws tsis yog nyob rau hauv repertoires ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua yeeb yam.
Cov hauj lwm suab paj nruag ua raws li Taras Bulba kuj tau tsim los ntawm Kuhner (rau Mariinsky Theatre), Tus kws sau nkauj Argentine Arturo Berutti, tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias Trailin thiab tus txiv neej Fabkis Russo.
Sokalsky kev ua yeeb yaj kiab loj "Siege ntawm Dubno" tau tsim raws li daim phiaj ntawm Taras Bulba. Tus kws tsim qauv pib ua haujlwm ntawm nws xyoo 1876 thiab ua tiav nws xyoo 1884. Raws li kev thuam, cov haujlwm tsis txhawb nqa hauv qhov kev xav tau, tus kws tsim khoom tsis muaj kev paub thiab kev paub, txawm hais tias nws lub peev xwm hauv nws muaj qhov xav hauv qhov ua yeeb yam.
Tag nrho Taras Bulba los ntawm Sokalsky ib txwm tsis tau nruab qhov twg.
Opera "Taras Bulba" Lysenko
Ukrainian composer Nikolai Lysenko tau dhau los ua tus tsim ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws raws Gogol zaj dab neeg. Lysenko tsim nws txoj haujlwm rau 10 xyoo, los ntawm 1880 txog 1890, tab sis thawj cov kev tsim tawm tsuas yog tso tawm xyoo 1920 xwb. Tus kws tsim qhuas tsis tswj hwm kom tiav nws version ntawm Taras Bulba, uas tseem tshuav unorchestrated.
Thawj qhov kev tsim ntawm Opera tau tsim los ntawm Steinberg, tab sis nws tsuas yog ntxiv cov qub version nrog orchestration. Qhov haujlwm tau ua tiav tau zoo los ntawm cov neeg kho hloov ntawm Revutsky, Lyatoshinsky thiab Rylsky. Lawv rov ua tiav cov kev pib dua thiab sau tau ntau yam kev ua yeeb yaj kiab tshiab, suav nrog zaum kawg ntawm qhov ua las voos - hlawv ntawm Taras. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zajlus tau hloov kho me ntsis: nws lub hom phiaj pauv los ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm Andria mus rau daim duab dav dav ntawm cov xwm txheej keeb kwm thiab cov cwm pwm ntawm Taras. Lysenko's Taras Bulba yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tshaj plaws ntawm Ukrainian Opera, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Nws ua ke txoj kev cai ntawm Glinka, Mussorgsky thiab lwm yam zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab sau nrog Ukrainian pej xeem motives.
Kev tsim cov suab paj nruas raws li "Taras Bulba"
Nyob rau hauv 2002, ntawm Poltava Kev Kawm Ukrainian Music thiab Ua Yeeb Yam Tsaj Yeeb Yam. N. V. Gogol tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem kev ua haujlwm suab paj nruag "Taras Bulba" los ntawm cov kws sau nkauj Ukrainian Alexei Kolomiytsev. Nws cov ntawv ua tau raug xaiv los ua "teeb pom kev ua yeeb yam": qhov haujlwm tsis dhau ntau dhau nrog cov khoom sib dhos ua ke thiab nws cov foos tuaj yeem nkag siab tau rau cov neeg tuaj saib dog dig.
