Tebchaws Baltic yog ib thaj chaw nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Baltic Hiav Txwv, qhov twg Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, thiab Kaliningrad cheeb tsam ntawm Russia yog nyob. Cov neeg Baltic yog hu ua cov haiv neeg ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm ntawm thaj chaw no: lawv yog cov neeg Lithuania, Estonians, Latvians.
Tub Npis
Lub Hiav Txwv Baltic yog lub hiav txwv nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe uas nkag mus tob rau hauv av loj thiab nkag mus rau hauv hiav txwv Atlantic hiav txwv. Ntawm nws lub ntug dej hiav txwv yog lub teb chaws xws li Denmark, Sweden, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Poland, Finland, thiab Russia, Latvia, Lithuania thiab Estonia, tab sis cov xeev Baltic, uas yog, thaj chaw "ze rau Baltic" suav nrog tsuas yog cov xeev kawg nkaus xwb.
Peter Tus Great tau kov yeej lub hiav txwv sab hnub tuaj ntawm Hiav Txwv Baltic, vim tias Sweden tau txiav txim siab tswj txhua tus ntug dej hiav txwv. Lub hiav txwv, uas cov neeg Lavxias siv los hu Varangian lossis Sveisky, tau tseg tsis txhob ua neeg txawv. Lavxias tau pib ua cov txheej txheem ntawm de-cim rau sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Tebchaws Asmeskas Baltic, tso tawm lub tebchaws thiab kab lis kev cai. Xyoo 1884, lub hiav txwv tau muab lub npe Baltic, thiab tag nrho cov xeev ntawm nws ntug dej, uas tau suav nrog hauv Tebchaws Russia, pib hu ua Baltic. Lub npe no tseem tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv Soviet Union: Baltic States kev suav nrog Estonian, Lithuanian, Latvian SSR thiab thaj chaw Kaliningrad. Hauv 1990 Estonia, Latvia thiab Lithuania los ua cov xeev ywj pheej.
Cov neeg ntawm lub Baltic
Thawj thawj cov neeg ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Baltic States tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo X txhiab xyoo BC, tab sis tsuas yog ob peb txhiab xyoo tom qab es cov kab lis kev cai loj thiab tsim pab pawg tau pib tshwm ntawm no. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Volosov kab lis kev cai suav hais tias yog cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov neeg Baltic niaj hnub. Qee pawg neeg nqis los ntawm cov neeg Slavic lossis Germanic. Rau ntau xyoo txhiab, lawv nyob sib xyaw, tsis muaj thaj chaw sib cais, sib pauv ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm thaj av Dub Hiav Txwv thiab lwm thaj chaw. Tsuas yog li ntawm ib nrab ntawm thawj xyoo txhiab BC puas tau faib kev faib tawm pib: Cov pab pawg neeg Finnish nyob rau sab qaum teb, Baltic pab pawg nyob rau sab qab teb. Tab sis tseem tsis tuaj yeem hu lawv ua neeg, lawv tau tawg ua ke rau pab pawg hauv qab lub npe Curonians, Lithuania, Semigallians, Yatvingians, Latgalians, zos thiab lwm tus.
Kev Tsiv Tebchaws Loj ntawm Cov Neeg Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau cov pejxeem ntawm Tebchaws Baltic: feem ntau ntawm cov pab pawg neeg tseem nyob hauv thaj chaw, cov neeg tsiv los ntawm Scandinavian Peninsula nyob ntawm no. Cov neeg Baltic txuas ntxiv zuj zus, lawv lub zej zog tam sim no hu ua Balts. Lawv tau muab faib ua Western (Mazury, Curonian, Yatvyagi) thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj (Lithuania, zos, Latgalians). Ntau ntawm lawv tau raug puas thaum lub sij hawm invasions ntawm German tus xaj ntawm knights. Cov Balts niaj hnub no yog cov neeg Lithuania thiab Latvia, cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov pab pawg ntawd. Estonians, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov neeg Baltic-Finnish, ntawm nws cov poj koob yawm txwv kuj muaj cov pab pawg neeg Finnish.
