Xyoo dhau los, cov kws kos duab Vladimir Alexandrovich Serov tau sau ntau yam duab keeb kwm. Nws tag nrho thiab tawm tswv yim tag nrho cov kev tawm tswv yim tawm hauv Soviet Union, ntseeg kev sau npe thiab kev sib tawm tsam, yog li nws sau ntau yam ntawm cov ncauj lus no.
Ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm tau ua los ntawm canvases piav qhia txog tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Kev Ua Si, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Serov sau rau ntawm kev sib tw ntawm lub npe ntawm socialist realism.
Biography
Vladimir Alexandrovich Serov yug xyoo 1910 hauv lub zos Emmaus, Tver cheeb tsam. Ua ntej lub kiv puag ncig, tsev neeg tau nyob zoo - Vladimir yawg yog ib tug txiv plig thiab tau hwm los ntawm cov neeg hauv lub zos. Nws niam nws txiv yog cov kws qhia, thiab thaum txoj kev tawm tsam pib, lawv tau lees txais nws lub hom phiaj thiab pib tsim kev ua neej nyob ua ke nrog zej tsoom txhua tus. Tom qab ntawd, Vladimir niam tau dhau los ua Tus Thawj Xib Hwb ntawm RSFSR thiab tau txais cov khoom plig siab tshaj plaws ntawm Soviet Union - Cov Lus Tshaj Tawm ntawm Lenin.
Thaum tus tub loj hlob, Serovs tsiv mus nyob cheeb tsam lub nroog Vesyegonsk. Muaj tus kws ua yeeb yam tom ntej mus rau tom tsev kawm ntawv, thiab muaj ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv nws lub neej: nws tau ntsib nrog avant-garde artist Savely Shleifer. Nws muaj nws lub studio nyob hauv Vesyegonsk, qhov chaw nws qhia pleev duab rau cov neeg uas xav tau.
Los ntawm thawj thawj tshooj Volodya pom tau hais tias nws nyiam kos duab ntau npaum li cas. Yog li cov lus nug ntawm kev xaiv txoj haujlwm yeej tsis sawv ua ntej nws - Serov ib txwm paub tias nws yuav dhau los ua tus kws kos duab.
Ntau tom qab, thaum muaj tsov rog, Shleifer tuag hauv Auschwitz concentration camp. Serov kawm tau tias tus neeg cob qhia ua tus sau tag nrho nws cov tswv yim rau nws uas yog tus tub ntxhais kawm tau zoo tshaj plaws. Tam sim no ob qho tag nrho cov haujlwm no thiab ntau daim duab los ntawm Serov nws tus kheej yog nyob hauv tus kws kos duab lub tsev nyob hauv Emmaus, qhov chaw nco tsev cia puav pheej ntawm qhov muaj npe nrov compatriot tau tsim.
Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog paub Vladimir Alexandrovich uas yog tus sau ntawm ob peb canvases qhov twg Lenin tau xwm yeem - ib qho "Leniniana". Nws muaj qhov kev txaus siab no rau cov thawj coj ntawm lub kiv puag ncig ntawm menyuam yaus, los ntawm nws niam nws txiv - ntseeg cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm kev ua neej. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, nws pleev xim duab duab "Lenin yawg koob."
Thiab thaum nws nkag mus rau Kev Kawm Txuj Ci hauv Petrograd, nws tau kos duab "Lenin's Arrival in Petrograd xyoo 1917" raws li nws lub ntsiab lus. Lub taub hau ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov neeg pleev kob hluas yog tus kws kos duab Vasily Savinsky, tus kws kos daim duab keeb kwm zoo nkauj thiab kos duab. Tej zaum Vladimir coj los ntawm nws nws txaus siab rau lub ntsiab lus keeb kwm.
Tom qab Academy of Arts, Serov nkag mus kawm ntawv tiav thiab mus rau lwm tus kws kos duab zoo nkauj - Isaac Brodsky tau los ua nws tus thawj coj. Xyoo 1934, thaum nws kawm tiav tsev kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv, Vladimir hais txog nws daim duab kawm tiav "Siberian Partisans".
Chaw Ua Si Ua Si
Thaum tseem yog cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav, Serov pib koom rau hauv kev nthuav qhia nrog nws ua haujlwm. Xyoo 1932, nws tau nthuav tawm nws cov haujlwm rau thawj zaug ntawm ib qho kev ua yeeb yam tau tso siab rau xyoo thib nees nkaum ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm thiab Peasants 'Cov Tub Rog Liab. Nws txoj haujlwm tau raug nyiam los ntawm cov neeg thuam hnyav tshaj plaws, thiab txij thaum ntawd los nws tau dhau los ua cov neeg koom nrog hauv kev nthuav tawm ntau yam.
Cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm tau nyob hauv qhov chaw tshwj xeeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias nws cov kaus mom yog keeb kwm thiab lub siab heev. Lawv cov phab ej yog cov kiv puag ncig, cov tub rog thiab cov neeg tsav nkoj, Lenin, thiab cov tuaj tom qab ntawm Great Patriotic War. Cov no yog cov duab "Lub caij ntuj no tau coj!", "Cov neeg taug kev los ntawm Lenin" thiab lwm tus.
Txhua lub sijhawm, ntawv tshaj tawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau nrov heev hauv tebchaws Lav Xias. Muaj txawm tias qhov kev qhia zoo li "daim ntawv tshaj tawm ua tsov ua rog", vim tias kev pom kev yog riam phom hauv kev tawm tsam rau ib lossis lwm lub tswv yim. Hauv kev sau ua ke, Serov kos cov ntawv tshaj tawm, hais kom nce siab sau qoob thiab nce lub zog ua haujlwm.
Xyoo 1941, thaum tsov rog pib, cov kws ua yeeb yam pleev xim dai daim ntawv ntawm ntau yam: lawv hu rau kev sib ntaus cov yeeb ncuab, thuam cov Nazis thiab nthuav cov kev xav ntawm teb chaws.
Thaum tsov rog, Serov tseem nyob hauv Leningrad thiab dim txoj kev ntshai ntawm kev thaiv. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tau coj lub Leningrad ceg ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Sib Koom. Coob tus neeg pleev kob ces koom nrog "Tswm Fwm Sib Ntaus" koom ua ke, qhov chaw lawv tsim cov ntawv tshaj tawm kev ntxub ntxaug, ntawv xov xwm thiab kos duab kos duab rau ntawv xov xwm.
Ntxiv rau, Vladimir Alexandrovich pleev xim rau cov duab zoo li "Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov dej khov" thiab "Baltic tsaws". Nyob rau hauv thawj daim duab, nws them se rau kev ua siab loj rau cov tub rog Lavxias thiab thov kom muaj lub siab hlub ntawm cov neeg mloog, rau keeb kwm zoo ntawm Lavxias. Thiab qhov ob, nws qhuas txog cov neeg tiv thaiv leej txiv uas ntaus yeej cov Nazis.
Tus qauv ntawm cov neeg tshaj lij ntsig txog kev muaj tseeb nyob hauv tus kws kos duab cov hauj lwm, txawm li cas los xij, cov lus siab ntev tsis yog neeg txawv teb rau nws ib yam. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom nyob hauv cov duab ntawm nws tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sau ntawv - muag muag thiab npliag, qee hom "cus ciav".
Tsis tas li ntawd, Serov pleev xim rau cov toj roob hauv pes, kos cov duab kos rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv nyeem cov ntaub ntawv thaum ub, thiab tseem ua haujlwm hauv hom caricature.
Vladimir Alexandrovich tau txais lub npe "Neeg Muaj Peev Xwm ntawm USSR", nws tau muaj Ob Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Red Banner, ob Tus xaj ntawm Lenin thiab ob qho khoom plig Stalin. Lub sijhawm ntawd, txhua yam khoom plig tau tseem ceeb heev.
Txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej, Serov tseem nyob ruaj khov rau cov tswv yim ntawm txoj kev coj noj coj ua hauv kev ua yeeb yam. Txij li lub sijhawm rau xyoo pua thib nees nkaum xyoo, kev tawm tsam tau pib rau nws los ntawm qee cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tus muaj tswv yim txawj ntse - lawv tsis kam lees cov hom ntawv no yog qhov qub thiab tsis tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws khov kho tiv thaiv nws txoj haujlwm.
Lub sijhawm rau xyoo dhau los ntawm nws lub neej, Vladimir Alexandrovich yog tus thawj coj ntawm Cov Tsev Kawm Txuj Ci, Lub Tuam Thawj Koom Tes ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm USSR. Nws tseem raug xaiv tsa mus zaum ob ntawm Tsoomfwv Xaus Saus ntawm Tsoomfwv U. S.
Serov dhau mus rau lub Ib Hlis 1968, nws tsuas yog tsib caug xya xyoo xwb. Cov kws kos duab tau faus rau ntawm Novodevichy tojntxas hauv Moscow.
Tus kheej lub neej
Tus kws kos duab tus poj niam yog Henrietta Grigorievna Serova. Nws yog tus kws tshaj lij kev kos duab, sau ntawv tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws kos duab. Tsev neeg Serov muaj ob tug menyuam: Yaroslav thiab Maria.
Tus cwj pwm ntawm cov kws kos duab rau cov neeg nws hlub tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv cov duab. Hauv Serov cov duab, nws tus poj niam muaj kev sib tw, ntxim nyiam, airy. Nws daim duab kos yog qhov txawv kiag li ntawm cov keeb kwm los yog phab ntsa xim ntawm tus kws kos duab.
Nws tseem pleev xim rau cov menyuam yaus txij thaum lawv nyuam qhuav pib - ib tug yuav hais, txij li thawj hnub ntawm lawv lub neej. Muaj ntau qhov kev sib tw hauv cov ntsiab lus no, cov nkauj muaj kev hlub hauv nws daim ntawv dawb huv.
