Cov kws sau paj lug zoo pauv mus rau hauv cov nkauj xwb tsis yog nws tus xeeb ceem thiab nrhiav kom muaj tus cwj pwm, tab sis kuj tseem muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sau ntawv cov peev xwm. Tshaj lab ntawm Soviet thiab Lavxias nyeem ntawv muab cov ntaus cim siab tshaj plaws rau nws txoj haujlwm.
Cov ntawv sau nkauj ntawm Yunna Moritz tau paub rau ntau tiam neeg ntawm peb cov neeg txawv. Nws cov hauj lwm cuam tshuam txog kev hlub thiab nkauj sau nkauj, thiab nkauj me nyuam paj huam. Cov kws sau paj lug nrov, cov tshaj tawm thiab cov neeg txhais lus niaj hnub no yog cov cim ntawm tsis yog lub caij nyoog xwb, tab sis kuj, tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev tsis tsim nyog rau tib neeg.
Luv luv me phau ntawv thiab lub neej ntawm Junna Moritz
Yunna Moritz yug hauv Kiev hnub tim 02.06.1937 hauv tsev neeg ntse. Txiv yog cov tub txawj tub ntse, niam yog tus kws qhia thiab kws kho mob. Kuj, yav tom ntej tus kws sau paj lug muaj tus muam. Nws txiv kuj poob rau hauv cov pob zeb ntawm Stalinist kev tsuj uas npau taws thaum lub sijhawm yug tus ntxhais. Thiab, txawm hais tias nws tom qab tswj hwm kom tso nws tus kheej, nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv tau hloov zuj zus.
Qhov khiav tawm mus rau Urals thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog, thiab tom qab kev tso tawm ntawm nws lub hometown thiab rov qab los ntawm qhov ntawd tau cim lub sijhawm ntawm thaum yau. Tom qab ntawd muaj lub tsev kawm theem siab, uas yog Yunna kawm tiav hauv 1954 thiab ib tus kws qhia ntawv kawm txuj ci hauv University of Kiev los ntawm kev sau ntawv. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias cov tub ntxhais hluas txawj ntse tau sau nws thawj zaj nkauj "Hais txog ib tus nees luav" thaum nws muaj plaub xyoos. Thaum lub sijhawm nws kawm nyob rau University, Moritz twb tau luam tawm tas li ntawm kev tshaj tawm "Soviet Ukraine". Tab sis ib xyoos tom qab pib kev kawm qib siab hauv Kiev, tus ntxhais txiav txim siab tsiv mus rau Moscow kom nkag mus rau Literary Institute ntawm chav paj huam.
Thawj zaj nkauj sau los xyoo 1957 yog "Ib Txoj Kev Sib Tham txog Kev Zoo Siab". Nrog so rau ib qho kev tawm mus ncig rau Arctic, nws kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm qib siab hauv xyoo 1961 thiab luam tawm cov ntawv sau tom ntej, "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Miraculous," los qhia cov nyeem rau lub neej yav dhau los ntawm tus kws sim tsav nkoj, cov neeg tsav nkoj thiab cov neeg tshawb xyuas polar. Kev hlub rau txhua yam tshiab thiab tsis paub yog qhov tseeb meej heev piav qhia ntawm no hauv txhua cov kwv huam.
Lub neej nquag txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam thiab nws tus cwj pwm uas tsis paub tsim nyog hauv kev tshawb nrhiav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws niaj hnub no. Nws tsis tu ncua siv kev sib raug zoo, qhov twg nws muaj ntau tus neeg sau npe thiab phooj ywg.
Moritz txoj kev sib yuav rau Leon Toom (Tus kws sau paj lug Estonian thiab txhais lus) thiab Yuri Varshaver (Y. Shcheglov) thiab yug los ntawm Dmitry Glinsky (Vasiliev) tau ua nws lub neej zoo nrog tsev neeg zoo siab. Tab sis cov ncauj lus no tsis yog nyiam rau tus kws sau paj lug.
Kev muaj tswv yim ntawm cov kws sau paj huam
Yunna Moritz qhov kev tshawb nrhiav lyrical tsis tuaj yeem hu ua serene. Thawj phau ntawv, Cape Zhelaniya, sau rov qab rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv xyoo, tau raug tsim nyog los ntawm lub zog Soviet cov ntawv pov thawj ua tus sau tawm tsam Soviet thiab tsis tau luam tawm nyob rau USSR ntev. Tab sis cov kev txwv no muaj peev xwm muaj lub luag haujlwm zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau nkauj. Nws yog lub sijhawm lub sijhawm no uas nws tau qhia nws tus kheej tias yog menyuam yaus tus kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug.
Yim phau ntawv muaj cov menyuam yaus cov paj huam uas sau txog ntau lab tus menyuam yaus hauv Soviet poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog. Hauv cov ntawv nyeem no, lub teb chaws lees paub txog tus kws sau paj lug zoo, thiab nws txoj haujlwm tau pib luam tawm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm "Cov Hluas".
Xyoo 1970 phau ntawv thib ob "Hmab" tau luam tawm. Ntawm no tus kws sau ntawv nthuav tawm nws lub peev xwm nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, uas tau pom los ntawm ntau yam ntawm kev ua phem thiab kev ua phem hauv kev ua tub rog thiab hauv nroog.
Yim sau cov nkauj paj nruag sau los ntawm Yunna thaum lub sijhawm hnub tsim kho, tsis suav qhov tsis tseem ceeb thiab muaj cov kab lus piv txwv thiab cov lus sib dhos. Lawv lub ntsiab lus tshaj tawm txog tus cwjpwm ua phem thiab tsis nyiam tus cwj pwm ntawm tus phab ej ntawm cov nkauj ua haujlwm. Hauv "xyoo cuaj caum" Moritz tsis tau luam tawm, thiab lub zog tshiab rau nws kev ua haujlwm tau txais thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm ntawm ob qho kev sau tshiab: "Ntsej Muag" thiab "Yog li". Xyoo 2005, phau ntawv "Los ntawm txoj cai - nyob zoo rau tus xa ntawv!" Tau luam tawm.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm txhua qhov nws muaj tswv yim zoo, cov kws sau paj lug sau cov paj huam los ntawm cov kws sau ntawv txawv teb chaws: F. García Lorca, K. Cavafy, O. Wilde, S. Velheo, R. Gamzatova.
Yunna Petrovna tsis nyob tsis muaj qhov tsis nco qab txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov tub rog thoob ntiaj teb ntawm peb lub sijhawm. Yog li, nws qhia nws txoj haujlwm ntawm 1999 cov xwm txheej hauv Serbia nrog nws cov haujlwm lyric "Lub Hnub Qub ntawm Serbia". Nws cais cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no hauv Ukraine yog tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li "Russophobic lom".
