Pontic Greeks yog haiv neeg Greeks los ntawm Pontus cheeb tsam, thaj av qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Asia Me nyob ib sab ntawm Dub Hiav Txwv (Pontus Euxine). Lawv tus kheej lub npe yog Romei. Lub ideologist ntawm lub teb chaws txav, thiaj li yuav paub qhov txawv lawv tus kheej ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv thaj av tim Nkij teb chaws, siv lub npe Pontians. Cov Turks hu lawv ua Urum.
Keeb kwm ntawm Pontic Greeks
Cov neeg Greek tau nyob rau hauv Asia Mees txij thaum lub sijhawm immemorial. Ua ntej yuav kov yeej cov ceg av qab dej los ntawm cov neeg Ottomans, cov neeg Greek yog ib haiv neeg los ntawm no. Cov neeg Greek tau tsim cov nroog no ntawm Smyrna, Sinop, Samsun, Trebizond. Cov tom kawg tau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub nroog thiab cov peev ntawm Trebizond faj tim teb chaws nyob hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog.
Tom qab qhov kev kov yeej ntawm lub xeev Trebizond los ntawm Turks, nws thaj chaw tau los ua ib feem ntawm Sublime Chaw nres nkoj. Cov neeg Greek nyob hauv Ottoman Empire tsa lub tebchaws thiab cov haiv neeg tsawg kev ntseeg. Qee tus Pontians hloov mus rau Islam thiab saws cov lus Turkish.
Xyoo 1878, cov neeg Greek tau txais txoj cai sib luag nrog cov Muslims. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20, cais kev xav pib pib paub ntawm cov neeg Pontic Greek. Lub tswv yim tsim lawv tus kheej lub xeev Greek ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Pontus tau nrov ntawm cov pej xeem.
Nrog rau kev tawm tsam ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum 1, tsoomfwv Turkish pib saib Pontic Greeks yog ib yam khoom tsis muaj kev ntseeg. Xyoo 1916, lawv, nrog rau cov neeg Armenians thiab Axilia, tau pib raug laij tawm mus rau thaj tsam sab hauv ntawm lub tebchaws Ottoman. Txoj kev nrhiav chaw nyob muaj nrog kev sib tua thiab kev nyiag khoom. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau hu ua Greek tua neeg pov tseg. Cov neeg Greek tawm tsam pib luv luv los tsim kev ywj pheej.
Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm pab tub rog Turkish los ntawm Pontus, lub zog hauv thaj av dhau mus rau cov neeg Greek. Ib tsoomfwv tau tsim los ntawm Thaj Chaw Chrysanthus. Tom qab lawv ntes tau thaj av ntawd los ntawm pab tub rog Turkish hauv xyoo 1918, kev khiav tawm lub tebchaws Greek tau loj heev. Cov neeg tawg rog raug xa mus rau Transcaucasia (Armenia thiab Georgia), Greece thiab Russia.
Cov seem tau rov qab mus rau tim Nkij teb chaws xyoo 1923 ua ib feem ntawm Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Sib Cog Qub Laus, uas muaj cov lus hais txog Greek-Turkish cov pej xeem pauv. Cov Pontic Greeks tau pom lawv txoj kev yuam mus lawm uas yog kev tsim teebmeem hauv lub tebchaws. Cov neeg Muslim los ntawm thaj tsam Balkan tau tsim nyob hauv lawv qhov chaw.
Cov lus ntawm Pontic Greeks
Lub sijhawm nyob ntawm lawv lub chaw nyob hauv tebchaws Ottoman, Pontic Greeks tau hais ob hom lus. Ntxiv rau cov lus Greek, lawv kuj siv lus Turkish. Qee pawg ntawm cov neeg Greek tau hloov mus rau Turkish hauv 15-17 xyoo dhau los.
Pontic Greek yog lub ntsiab lus txawv ntawm cov lus hauv tim Nkij teb chaws. Cov neeg hauv Athens thiab lwm lub nroog tsis nkag siab nws. Ntau yam kev hais lus xav txog Pontic los ua ib hom lus txawv. Muaj qhov kev ntseeg dav dav ntawm Pontians txog qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm lawv cov lus.
Lub keeb kwm lub npe ntawm cov lus Pontic yog Romeika. Tom qab rov qab mus rau tim Nkij teb chaws xyoo 1923, cov Pontians tau raug txhawb kom tsis nco qab lawv cov lus thiab muab lawv tus kheej tshem tawm. Tam sim no tsuas yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov hlob dua, uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 80 xyoo, nco txog lawv hom lus.
Lub Romeica ntshiab yog qee khaws cia tsuas yog hauv Villa ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv. Cov no yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov neeg Greek uas tau hloov mus ua Islam rau xyoo pua 17th. Ob peb txhiab tus neeg hais cov lus ntawm no. Cov lus Pontic yog qhov zoo heev rau cov lus ntawm "Mariupol Greeks" uas nyob hauv Ukraine.
