"Daim Npav Saib Xyuas" Ntawm Lavxias Yog Dymkovo Qho Khoom Ua Si

Cov txheej txheem:

"Daim Npav Saib Xyuas" Ntawm Lavxias Yog Dymkovo Qho Khoom Ua Si
"Daim Npav Saib Xyuas" Ntawm Lavxias Yog Dymkovo Qho Khoom Ua Si

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Dymkovo cov khoom ua si yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv qub tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias. Nws tau muaj nyob rau plaub caug xyoo. Cov kev taw qhia tsis tau poob nws cov koob meej, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, txoj kev vam meej tseem tsis hloov pauv ntawm ob qho tib si hauv tebchaws thiab txawv teb chaws.

Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Qhov chaw yug ntawm cov khoom ua si yog Dymkovskaya Sloboda, uas yog ib feem ntawm Kirov (yav tas los Khlynov lossis Vyatka). Muaj cov lus dab neeg hais txog cov keeb kwm ntawm cov paj ntaub. Muaj ib hnub cov tub rog tau ntsib nyob ze lub nroog thaum hmo ntuj. Tsis paub tias ib leeg nyob rau kev tsaus ntuj, lawv tau pib sib ntaus sib tua. Ntau tus tub rog raug tua nyob rau hauv nws. Tom qab ntawd, ib qho kev coj sawv daws los ua koob tsheej nco txhua xyoo.

Tswv Yim

Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov kev tshwm sim tig mus ua las voos kev lom zem. Cov pob pleev xim av nplaum tau pov tseg ntawm nws thiab whistled. Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Dymkovo kev txiav txim siab tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov chaw tso nyiaj ntawm cov av nplaum hauv nws rau kev tsim cov nyom, ntxiv rau cov kev thov tsis tu ncua rau cov xuav thiab pob ntawm nws. Maj mam, lawv tau tsim lawv txoj hauv kev ntawm kev hloov cov khoom lag luam hauv zos rau cov tsis xws leej twg.

Cov khoom ua si pej xeem tau tshwm sim los ntawm kaum tsib xyoo dhau los. Lub sijhawm ntawd, ntau yam kev ntseeg Slavic tsis nco qab lawm. Kev hloov ntawm daim ntawv tau pib. Cov duab xoo tau pib ua rau lawv lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj. Cov khoom ua si Dymkovo, uas dhau los ua neeg paub, qhia txog Lavxias txoj kev ua neej ntawm lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab, cov txivneej thiab cov txivneej tau tshwm sim hauv cov tsoos tsho zoo nkauj.

Cov tswv tau ua tib zoo khaws lawv cov tswv yim thiab txheej txheem txij li thaum pib ntawm kev kos duab. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, cov paj ntaub nyob ntawm verge ntawm tu noob. Tsuas yog AA Mezrina, tsuas yog tus kws txawj tsob txiv ntoo, nco qab thev naus laus zis. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm nws thiab tus kws kos duab A. I. Denypin, uas pib rov ua dua qub khoom siv tes ua thaum ub, ib pab pawg neeg nyiam saib yog tsim. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua kom rov muaj zog thiab rov qab cov koob meej qub ntawm Dymkovo khoom ua si.

Ib qho ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg dab tsi rau lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua khoom siv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov av tshiab. Craftswomen ntawm twenties ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem ho nthuav cov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov duab. Mezrina ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev coj ua ntawm txoj cai ib txwm ntawm kev ua qauv thiab tha xim.

Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Cov koob npe ntawm cov pab pawg sib xyaw pib nrog E. A. Koshkina. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws yog nws txoj haujlwm "Muag cov khoom ua si ntawm Dymkovo." Tus kws tsim khoom siv ua khoom siv tes ua khoom thaum xyoo 1937 rau kev nthuav dav thoob ntiaj teb nyob hauv Paris.

E. I. Penkin, thiab O. I. Konovalova, tus ntxhais ntawm Mezrina, pib ua tsiaj los ntawm av nplaum.

Nta ntawm cov

Cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub yog ntau yam kev kos duab. Cov neeg txawj ntse ntseeg tias nws tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav ib khub ntawm cov duab zoo sib xws. Conventionally, txhua ntau yam tau muab faib ua tsib pawg:

  • poj niam duab;
  • txiv neej duab;
  • tsiaj txhu;
  • noog;
  • compositions.

Thawj pab pawg muaj xws li tus kws tu neeg mob, leej niam thiab leej niam nrog cov menyuam yaus, tus neeg nqa dej, fashionistas, poj niam. Tag nrho cov duab puab zoo li qub, lub taub hau nrog headdress thiab majesty.

Cavaliers me dua thiab hnav dua hauv qhov ntsej muag. Feem ntau cov duab daim duab yog ntawm cov nees.

Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Thaum xub thawj, cov tsiaj ntsia zoo li txhua yam duab. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov tsiaj muaj nyob hauv mos lwj, rams, tshis thiab bears. Txhua tus tsiaj puav leej tau tsa taub hau, dav dav ob txhais ceg luv. Irony feem ntau siv: cov nuj nqis yog hnav khaub ncaws hnav zoo nkauj thiab muaj cov twj paj nruag.

Cov npuag ya tuaj nrog tus caws caws, tev tau muab nrog cov nplaim paj nrog txhuam. Tom qab ntawd cov nuj nqis yog ci ntsa iab xim.

Ntau pab pawg muaj ntau hom neeg sib txawv. Lawv pom lub neej ntawm kev nyob hauv tsev.

Kev Tsim Khoom

Txhua yam khoom ua si nthuav dav zuj zus. Qhov no yog qhov cim ntawm Vyatka hom. Qhov peculiarity yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub tshuab kev tsim khoom. Ntev thiab ob txhais ceg me me yuav tsis muab daim duab ruaj khov. Nws ua ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Lawv ua cov khoom ua si hauv theem. Lub ntsiab kev tsim khoom yog:

  • ua qauv;
  • ziab thiab hlawv;
  • dawb;
  • daim duab.
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Kev ua pwm

Cov pob ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog tsim los ntawm oily ntxuav thiab diluted nrog xuab zeb. Lawv pluav hauv cov ncuav tiaj. Lawv tau siv los pwm lub cev ntawm cov khoom ua si. Hau, tails, tes tau txuas rau nws. Cov ntsiab lus txhim kho yog noo noo, cov pob qij txha txuas nrog smoothed nrog ib daim ntaub noo noo nrog dej. Nrog ntub cov ntiv tes, cov duab yog ua raws li.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov duab ntawm cov poj niam pib nrog daim duab luv luv tiab. Lub npog ncauj tau txuas nrog nws. Ib lub pob-taub hau yog tsau rau ntawm lub caj dab me ntsis elongated. Txo qis me ntsis, txhais tes quav ntawm lub duav los ntawm av nplaum hnyuv ntxwm dawb paug tau txuas.

Tom qab ntawd cov khoom ua si no ntxiv ua cov plaub hau uas ua los ntawm cov pob taws me me, lub kaus mom lossis lub kokoshnik. Ib txoj phuam qhwv caj dab nrog cov qauv raug muab pov saum lub xub pwg ntawm qhov khoom ua si, lossis daim duab muab tso rau ntawm lub tsho. Tus pojniam ntawd tau txais ib tus dev, menyuam lossis ib lub hnab nqa ntawm tes.

Tus nees muaj lub tog raj kheej-lub cev, luv luv tapered ceg, caj dab nkhaus uas hloov mus rau hauv ib qho elongated muzzle. Ua cov khoom ua si nrog cov mane, Tail thiab pob ntseg me.

Yuav kom qhuav thiab tua hluav taws

Lub stucco cov khoom ua si yog ziab ua ntej rho tawm haujlwm. Lub sijhawm nws nyob ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov nuj nqis thiab kav los ntawm peb hnub txog peb lub lis piam. Tom qab ntawd tua tawm pib.

Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Yav dhau los, nws tau ua rau ntawm daim ntawv ci hlau teem dua ntoo nyob hauv qhov cub hauv Lavxias. Qhov khoom ua si yog xim liab-kub thiab tom qab ntawd txias rau hauv qhov cub. Cov hluav taws niaj hnub yog nqa tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb.

Dawb

Cov xim liab-xim av yog whitened. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau qhov no yog npaj los ntawm mis nyuj thiab hmoov chalk. Thaum cov mis nyuj hloov qaub, cov tshuaj ua kom tawv tawv, tawm ib txheej txheej ntawm casein nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom. Txhua qhov kev sim pauv ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv qhov ua tsis tau. Cov hue ntawm cov khoom ua si los ua daj, cov ntawv los ua tsis sib xws.

Yog li, cov txheej txheem ntxuav hniav dawb tseem zoo li qub. Nws raug tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov thev naus laus zis tsuas yog hauv cov menyuam muaj tswv yim tshiab. Txog kev ntxuav kom dawb, siv lub gouache li ib txwm. Tom qab txheej tau qhuav, lawv npaj mus pleev xim rau chav ua si.

Xim

Cov qauv yog thov nrog cov xim ci. Lub palette tau txwv rau xim liab, xiav, xim av, ntsuab, txiv kab ntxwv, liab thiab daj. Los ntawm diluting lub suab nrov nrog chalk, duab ntxoo ntxiv tau txais. Tassels yav tas los tau ua haujlwm txua cov ntaub qhwv qhwv ntaub qhwv ntaub. Yog li ntawd, cov nyom zoo nkauj tau txawv los ntawm nws qhov yooj yim.

Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm cov kab sib dhos, rhombuses, ncaj lossis khiav kab. Tsis tsuas yog siv cov txhuam txhuam kom zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj tseem ntxiv cov qe nyoos rau hauv cov xim pleev xim kom muab cov nuj nqis zoo dua, thiab kev kub ntxhov ntawm lub tones pab.

Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Ntawm theem kawg, cov khoom dai nrog nplooj kub. Nws txuas rau tus poj niam lub kaus mom, dab tshos, tshuab raj thiab pob ntseg tsiaj. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov txheej txheem no, ib qho tshwj xeeb kev ua koob tsheej ntawm cov khoom tau tiav.

Feem ntau, ib qho qauv yog siv rau kev tha xim. Txhua tus neeg lub ntsej muag yog monotonous. Lub qhov ncauj thiab lub puab tsaig yog teev hauv crimson. Dub zas yog siv rau puag ncig lub qhov muag thiab pob muag. Cov plaub hau feem ntau yog xim tsaus, xim av lossis xim dub. Cov headdress lossis lub tsho yog monochromatic, tawv thiab tiab tiab nrog cov qauv duab nruj.

Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tshwm sim raws li kev ua haujlwm tiav, nyob ntawm seb qhov loj me thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom ua si. Ib qho kev qhia zoo nkauj yooj yim heev. Laim kab txhais tau tias yog dej, hla kab - lub cav tsev, qhov dej, lub voj voos nrog cov dots hauv nruab nrab - cov cim ntawm lub cev saum ntuj ceeb tsheej

Tus nqi nuv ntses

Keeb kwm ntawm Dymkovo ntses tau txuas nrog keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, nyob hauv txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv menyuam yaus thiab tsev kawm ntawv, muaj kev kawm ntawm "lawg" hauv cov lus qhia ntawm kev muaj tswv yim. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua qauv thiab kho kom zoo nkauj nws tus kheej yog yooj yim heev; txawm tias menyuam yaus tuaj yeem kawm nws hauv cov qauv yooj yim. Rau lawv, cov chav kawm zoo li no yog cov lus qhia kom paub me ntsis txog cov kab lig kev cai. Los ntawm kev teeb tsa lawv cov ntsiab, cov menyuam yaus raug qhia rau lawv haiv neeg.

Tsis muaj serial ntau lawm hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Txhua daim duab tsim tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ua manually raws li cov canons pom rau ib-paus xyoo. Txhua tus kws ua lag luam muaj lawv tus kheej cov qauv, yog li ntawd txhua cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb. Qhov no ua kom muaj lub ntsej muag zoo ntawm cov duab. Tam sim no nws yog khoom noj khoom haus kom zoo nkauj.

Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si
Daim npav mus saib ntawm Russia yog Dymkovo qho khoom ua si

Ntau lub koom haum tau koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho thiab khaws cia ntawm kev nuv ntses. Hauv 2010 Kirov, ib lub monument rau Dymkovo khoom ua si tau ua tiav. Cov pab pawg duab puab muaj cov poj niam nrog tus menyuam hauv nws txhais tes, tus neeg ua si majmam ua si ib rab, menyuam thiab tsiaj. Thaum qhib ntawm 2014 Sochi Kev Sib Tw, lub "haze" tseem tau nthuav tawm. Cov khoom ua si, ua daim npav tuaj xyuas, qhia cov tsis zoo ntawm Lavxias kab lis kev cai.

Pom zoo: