Dab Tsi Yog Qhov Qhib-qhov Cub Taws Kub: Keeb Kwm

Cov txheej txheem:

Dab Tsi Yog Qhov Qhib-qhov Cub Taws Kub: Keeb Kwm
Dab Tsi Yog Qhov Qhib-qhov Cub Taws Kub: Keeb Kwm

Video: Dab Tsi Yog Qhov Qhib-qhov Cub Taws Kub: Keeb Kwm

Video: Dab Tsi Yog Qhov Qhib-qhov Cub Taws Kub: Keeb Kwm
Video: Qhia txhais 50 zaj npau suav tias yog dab tsi part 3 15 Sep 2019 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Qhib-qhov cub ua kom sov - cov cuab yeej siv rau smelting hlau ntawm ib qho muab thiab qhov zoo los ntawm seem hlau thiab npua hlau. Lub rooj qhib qhib lub qhov cub tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm lub npe ntawm tus neeg tsim khoom - tus kws tshaj lij Fab Kis Fab Kis Pierre Martin, uas tsim nws xyoo 1864.

Dab tsi yog qhov qhib-qhov cub taws kub: keeb kwm
Dab tsi yog qhov qhib-qhov cub taws kub: keeb kwm

Tshuab

Tus yuam sij rau thev naus laus zis ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau rau hauv hlau yog kom txo qis cov pa roj carbon thiab impurities. Yuav kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj no, ib txoj kev yog siv rau lawv txoj kev xaiv oxidation thiab tshem tawm mus rau hauv slags thiab roj cua thaum smelting. Kev siv hlau smelting nyob rau hauv cov theem hauv qab no: melting ntawm kev sib xyaw rau smelting, suav nrog seem, thee, nplaim hluav taws (tsub), thiab cua sov da dej ntawm cov kua hlau. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog tshem tawm phosphorus. Cov theem yuav muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsawg. Cov theem tom ntej yog kev rhaub ntawm cov hlau da dej. Nws nyob rau qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 2000 degrees. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tshem cov pa roj carbon ntau dhau. Thiab, thaum kawg, hlau deoxidation, txo hlau oxide.

Lub sijhawm ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem smelting yog 3 - 6 teev, ntuj tsim lossis roj roj yog siv rau roj.

Ob peb qhov tseeb los ntawm keeb kwm

Cov txheej txheem hloov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov hlau nrum uas muaj nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 tsis tau tso cai rau cov hlau ua tsim ntau thiab kom muab cov yam ntxwv. Cov khoom lag luam loj ntawm cov khoom siv hlau pheej yig suav sau los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd hauv kev lag luam thawb cov kws lag luam mus nrhiav cov tshuab lag luam zoo dua thiab pheej yig dua rau kev ua cov ntawv hlau, ntxiv rau npua hlau rau hauv cov hlau.

Cov teeb meem no tau ua tiav kev daws teeb meem los ntawm cov kws txawj txua keeb hlau tub rog Pierre Martin, tus uas tau txais cov hlau ua hluav taws xob hauv qhov cub ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm hauv Fab Kis Sireil xyoo 1864. Lub tswv yim tau txais kua hlau los ntawm melting seem thiab cam khwb cia hlau rau ntawm qhov cub ntawm qhov cub tawg. Qhov kev ua tau zoo tau los ntawm kev siv rau kev tsim tsa ntawm cov kwv tij Williams thiab Friedrich Siemens txog kev kho cua sov los ntawm cov pa roj cua. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rov ua kom sov yog muaj nyob hauv qhov tseeb tias qhov kub ntawm cov khoom sib txuas los ntawm cov neeg tsim hluav taws xob tau nce mus rau hauv lub raj dej no thiab, ua ke nrog cov kiv cua cua, rov qab mus rau thaj chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab ua kom sov. Rov qab ua kom sov ntawm cov khoom sib txuas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom nce qhov kub kom sov nyob hauv lub cub tawg kom tau tus nqi uas xav tau rau smelting kua hlau.

Thoob ntiaj teb kev vam meej

Txoj kev qhib-lub ntsej muag tau tsim kho sai sai rau kev lag luam los ntawm txhua lub teb chaws tsim kho lub sijhawm ntawd. Txoj kev qhib-hearth coj txoj hauj lwm ua vim nws cov thev naus laus zis yooj yooj yim, peev xwm, tswj tau thiab qhov muaj peev xwm tau txais txhua qib paub hlau. Nrog rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis rau kev ua kom zoo-phosphorous cam khwb cia irons, nws qhov tseem ceeb tau nce ntau heev tshaj dua.

Yog lawm, thawj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qhib-hnov lub qhov cub muaj qhov tsis zoo. Lub vaults tau yooj yim. Lub hearths ntawm cov taws hauv qhov cub muaj qhov kev pab luv luv lub neej. Cov chaw ua haujlwm tsis ntev ntev, chav dej nyob sib sib zog nqus. Sij hawm dhau mus, chav tsev pib ua kom ntau dua ncaj, uas ntxiv rau qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm cov taws.

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