Luv Luv Keeb Kwm Ntawm Mikhail Vrubel

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Luv Luv Keeb Kwm Ntawm Mikhail Vrubel
Luv Luv Keeb Kwm Ntawm Mikhail Vrubel

Video: Luv Luv Keeb Kwm Ntawm Mikhail Vrubel

Video: Luv Luv Keeb Kwm Ntawm Mikhail Vrubel
Video: Keeb kwm ntawm qaib thiab dav. 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Kev sau keeb kwm ntawm Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel yog kev sib tw ntawm cov neeg muaj txuj ci, kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm ntau hom kev kos duab zoo nkauj, tsis paub, lub ntsej muag ntawm txoj hmoo, poob, lub sijhawm ntawm kev cia siab thiab kev zoo siab, tus eccentric cwm pwm, tam sim ntawd flared kev hlub, tsev neeg phem heev, mob txaus ntshai thiab tuag. Thiab lub neej tom qab lub neej: lub cim xeeb nyob mus ib txhis ntawm nws thiab kev qhuas rau nws cov txuj ci.

Vrubel avtoportret, 1905
Vrubel avtoportret, 1905

Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel txawv teb chaws thiab hauv tebchaws Lavxias

Vrubel qhov chaw nyob deb dhau ntawm Russia. Mikhail tus yawg koob yawg, Anton Antonovich, yog tus thawj Vrubel los ua pej xeem ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Nws tau ua tus kws txiav txim plaub hauv Bialystok, lub nroog Polish uas yog ib feem ntawm East Prussia. Xyoo 1807, Raws li Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Tilsit, Bialystok tau pauv mus rau Russia thiab dhau los ua thaj chaw ntawm Bialystok koog tsev kawm ntawv cheeb tsam Grodno.

Nws tus tub Mikhail Antonovich, tus kws kos duab cov npe thiab niam tais, tau los ua tus thawj Lavxias tus thawj coj ntawm hom no. Nws tau ua tub rog thiab ua tub rog nyob hauv lub nroog Astrakhan. Ntawm no ib ntawm nws cov tub, Alexander Mikhailovich, kuj yog ib tus tub ceev xwm, tau sib yuav Anna Grigorievna Basargina, tus ntxhais ntawm Astrakhan tus tswv xeev. Tus nkauj nyab yog los ntawm ntau tsev neeg aristocratic thiab noble tsev neeg, lub hauv paus pib uas rov qab mus rau Horde thiab Danish poj koob yawm txwv.

Vrubel lub sijhawm thaum yau

Cov niam txiv yav tom ntej ntawm tus kws kos duab Alexander Mikhailovich thiab Anna Grigorievna tau sib yuav hauv Astrakhan. Tab sis Mikhail yug hauv Siberia ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nws txiv qhov kev pabcuam tshiab hauv nroog Omsk thaum Lub Peb Hlis 17, 1856. Nws yog tus menyuam thib ob ntawm plaub, tus uas Anna yug tau nyob hauv 6 xyoo. Misha tsuas muaj 3 xyoos thaum nws niam tuag. Leej txiv tau raug xa rov qab mus rau Astrakhan, ze dua rau cov neeg txheeb ze uas tuaj yeem pab saib xyuas cov menyuam yaus.

Xws li pib iab ntawm Vrubel lub neej zoo li tau tsa lub suab rau txhua yam uas ua raws. Tsis tas li ntawd, txij thaum yug los nws tsis muaj mob, thiab los ntawm qhov ntsiag to, taciturn thiab kev xav zoo rau menyuam yaus. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog xya nws tau txais lub npe menyuam yaus "tus txiv neej uas ntsiag to thiab tus neeg txawj xav." Nws nyiam saib duab qhia phau ntawv. Hmoov zoo, ib feem ntawm German lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Bialystok-yawg-yawg tau raug khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Vim yog txoj kev txav ntawm nws txiv hauv txoj kev pabcuam, tsev neeg tau hloov chaw nyob ntau zaus. Astrakhan, Omsk, Saratov, Petersburg, Kharkov, Odessa - tsiv mus rau qee lub nroog tau rov qab ua dua. Vrubel's biography yog hloov npe ntawm cov npe hauv cheeb tsam txij li thaum yau. Xyoo 1863, hauv Kharkov, cov menyuam yaus muaj niam pog txiv yawg Elizaveta Khristianovna Wessel. Raws li kev nco ntawm nws tus muam Anna, xya-xyoo-laus Mikhail tau nyiam mloog cov suab paj nruag thaum ua si Elizaveta Christianovna, uas yog lub pianist zoo.

Kev kawm ntawv thiab qhov chaw ntawm nrag hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab hluas keeb kwm ntawm Mikhail Vrubel

Thaum xub thawj, teeb duab nyiam Mikhail ntawm tib theem li lwm yam txuj ci. Cov peev xim tau tshwm sim, tab sis qhov kev xav tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm txoj kev koom tes tsuas yog kev pleev xim tsis pom ntawm tus menyuam.

Nyob rau hauv Saratov, txij li xyoo 1864, tus tub hluas tau txais kev kawm ua ntej thawj coj los ntawm kev nom kev tswv nrog Nikolai Peskov. Nws coj Misha los kawm txog kev kawm keeb kwm kev paub tsiaj txhu hauv lub nroog ib puag ncig. Thiab Andrei Sergeevich Godin tau muab nws cov tshooj lus ntiav rau kev kos duab los ntawm xwm.

Tus muam laus Anna rov qab hais rau nws tus nus: "Nws kos duab los ntawm tsev neeg lub neej nrog kev pom tseeb." Xyoo 1865, muaj ib qho xwm txheej zoo kawg tau tshwm sim rau nws:

Vrubel Kuv Mikeladgelo
Vrubel Kuv Mikeladgelo

Nrog rau kev tsiv ntawm Vrubel tsev neeg mus rau St. Petersburg thaum xyoo 1867, Misha tau pib nws qhov kev kawm ntawm Fifth Gymnasium thiab Chav Kawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Txhawb ntawm Cov Kws Ua Yeeb Yam.

Xyoo 1870, muaj ib qho kev hloov mus rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm nws txiv lub sijhawm tshiab. Lub sijhawm no rau yav qab teb Odessa. Mikhail txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm ntawv dav dav ntawm Richelieu Lyceum. Thiab kos duab nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv teeb duab Odessa. Nws kawm tiav txhua qhov chaw, nyiam kev ua yeeb yam, nyeem Latin cov chav kawm, nkauj.

Xyoo 1874 - xyoo ntawm kev kawm tiav ntawm kev ua neeg dhia tes taw nrog lub ntsej muag kub. Tom qab ntawd tsev neeg tsiv los ntawm Odessa mus rau Vilno. Thiab Mikhail nkag mus rau kev cai lij choj kws qhia ntawv ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab St. Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj nws kawm hauv chav kawm ntawm Cov Tsev Kawm Txuj Ci. Kawm tiav tsev kawm qib siab thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1880.

Thaum kawg, thaum hnub nyoog 24, tus neeg pleev xim tom ntej ci ntsa iab hloov los ntawm kev pleev xim rau kev pib xyaum ua kev cob qhia kev ua haujlwm: thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1880, Mikhail Vrubel tau nkag mus rau Kev Kawm Txuj Ci Hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm. Nws tau txais mus rau Pavel Chistyakov, uas muaj nws tus kheej txoj kev ntawm tsim ntim rau ntawm cov canvas, ib yam li cov kws ua haujlwm ua. Hnub Sunday, Vrubel kawm txog dej pleev xim ntawm Ilya Repin.

Kiev-Italian theem nyob hauv qhov keeb kwm ntawm Vrubel

Tus kws tshaj lij kev ua yeeb yam Professor Adrian Prakhov xav tau tus kws tshaj lij rau kev ua haujlwm kos duab los kho lub Koom Txoos ntawm St. Cyril. Pavel Chistyakov muaj Vrubel. Thiab nws tau mus rau Kiev xyoo 1884, qhov twg ib theem tseem ceeb pib tsis yog hauv nws phau ntawv sau txog tus kws kos duab, tab sis kuj nyob hauv nws tus kheej lub neej. Raws li qee lub caij nyoog yav dhau los, nws tau hlub nrog tus poj niam ntawm nws tus neeg yuav khoom, Emilia Lvovna Prakhova.

Nws ntseeg tau tias nws tau ua tus qauv ntawm lub cim "Niam ntawm Vajtswv thiab Cov Menyuam" rau lub thaj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj hauv St. Cyril. Thiab thaum Vrubel tawm rau Ltalis mus kawm txog cov mosaics hauv nruab nrab thiab kev pleev xim rau thaum ntxov Renaissance, muaj kev sib tiv tauj ntawm lawv, uas, ntawm kev thov ntawm Emilia, raug rhuav tshem los ntawm nws tus ntxhais Olga, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm nws tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv Prakhova.

Emilia
Emilia

Hauv Venice, Vrubel pleev xim rau peb lub cim - "St. Cyril", "St. Athanasius" thiab "Christ the Saviour".

Lub Plaub Hlis 1885, Vrubel rov qab los ntawm Ltalis, thiab hauv lub Tsib Hlis nws tau tawm mus rau Odessa. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo nws rov qab mus rau Kiev. Nws ua haujlwm nquag, tab sis ua neej nyob rau hauv kev txom nyem, feem ntau vim nws tsis muaj peev xwm tswj hwm nyiaj tau zoo.

Muaj tswv yim thiab dab ntawm Vrubel

Xyoo 1889, Mikhail Vrubel tuaj rau Moscow. Ntawm no nws tau ntsib tus kws tsim khoom thiab ua siab dav pub nyiaj Savva Mamontov thiab dhau los ua tus tswv cuab ntawm nws lub koom txoos cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv Abramtsevo.

Nws tsim cov panels, tsim ua yeeb yam, ua majolica, pleev xim rau, piav qhia kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv sau. Koom rau hauv qhov kev ua piv txwv ntawm kev ua tiav ob-ntim ntawm Lermontov, incl. ua rau kos duab rau paj huam "Cov Dab". Cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tsis tau zoo Vrubel cov duab.

Dab Dab Lermontova
Dab Dab Lermontova

Tab sis thaum kawg, Dab tau ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm. Xyoo 1890 nws tsim lub Dab Ua Ntej, thiab nyob rau xyoo 1902 Tus Dab Daws Teeb Meem. Tus kws kos duab no tsis tau ua tiav Dab Pov Lauj.

Dab
Dab

Tus dab nyob hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab li ib txwm yog qee yam ntawm supernatural thiab lub zog siab phem. Tab sis Vrubel pom hauv nws muaj kev txom nyem ntawm tib neeg tus ntsuj plig, dhau los ntawm kev xav thiab nraus los ntawm passions, uas twb muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm ntuj thiab lub ntiaj teb.

Dab Vrubel
Dab Vrubel

Xyoo 1896, raws li qhov kev thov ntawm Savva Mamontov, Mikhail Vrubel ua ob daim duab qhia rau tag nrho-Lavxias Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Nizhny Novgorod: Mikula Selyaninovich thiab Ntxhais huab tais ntawm npau suav. Tab sis lawv tau tawm tsam hnyav los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Cov Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Txuj Ci ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci, thiab ob qho tib si raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw ua yeeb yam, thiab tus kws kos duab raug tsim txom. Lub tuam txhab Mamontov ua nws tus kheej lub tsev pheeb suab thiab nthuav tawm Vrubel's canvases loj loj hauv lawv. Lawv nyiam cov pej xeem nyiam, thiab Vrubel lub npe tau nrov npe.

Hlub thiab tsev neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Mikhail Vrubel

Vrubel yuav luag yog 40 xyoo thaum nws tau ntsib los ntawm kev hlub thiab sib sib hlub. Thaum xub thawj nws tsis muaj lub suab zoo nkauj tsis txaus ntseeg. Nws maj mus rau nws lub suab thaum nws hnov nws ntawm ib qho kev xyaum ua yeeb yam ntawm Panayevsky Theatre hauv St. Petersburg. Yog li nws tau ntsib nws tus poj niam yav tom ntej, tus kws ua yeeb yaj kiab Nadezhda Zabela. Txoj kev hlub no yog kev sib nrig sib. Lawv tau sib yuav rau lub Xya hli 28, 1896 hauv Geneva. Tus poj niam los ua nws zoo tshaj plaws, muse, tus cwj pwm ntawm nws ua haujlwm thiab mob siab rau tus khub mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws hnub.

Vrubel i Zabela
Vrubel i Zabela

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 1901, lawv tus tub Savva yug, thiab Nadezhda Zabela tawm ntawm theem. Cov khoom noj qab haus huv ntawm tsev neeg tau poob ntau rau Vrubel lub xub pwg. Nws nyuaj rau nws tau txais nws cov mov txhua hnub. Nws tau ntxhov siab, txhawj xeeb, ntshai tias nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm muab rau nws tsev neeg, txom nyem los ntawm neurosis thiab insomnia. Tab sis lub ntsiab kev txom nyem yog qhov uas tus tub no yug los ua mob rau lub ntsej muag. Savvushka muaj "hare di ncauj" thiab Vrubel ntseeg tias nws yog qhov nws txhaum. Kev rau txim rau nws cov kev txhaum. Nws cuam nws tawm hauv kev tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab vwm. Ntau dua, nws coj tus cwj pwm tsis tsim nyog.

Savva vrubel
Savva vrubel

Lub extinction thiab kev tuag ntawm Vrubel

Nws ua hauj lwm obsessively rau Dab Ntxwg Nyoog. Nws kawm tiav xyoo 1902. Thiab hauv tib lub xyoo nws xaus rau hauv tsev kho mob hlwb. Psychiatrist Vladimir Bekhterov muab Vrubel qhia txog kev kuaj mob tsis txaus siab.

Vrubel nade
Vrubel nade

Vrubel tus phooj ywg Vladimir von Meck tau caw lawv mus so thiab tau txais kev muaj zog hauv nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam hauv xeev Kiev rau tag nrho lub caij ntuj sov. Nrog lawv tus tub hluas, lawv tawm mus ncig. Nyob ntawd lawv poob lawv tib tug tub. Lub Tsib Hlis 3, 1903, Savvushka uas peb hlub tau tuag sai sai los ntawm kev mob ntsws.

Lub paj hlwb tu ncua ntawm Mikhail Vrubel yog nrawm dua. Nws siv ntau lub sijhawm hauv tsev kho mob. Lub neej nyob hauv ib lub ntiaj teb ntawm delirium thiab cov lus qhia. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm enlightenment, nws sim sau. Thaum lub sijhawm nyuaj no, nws muaj peev xwm tsim nws cov txuj ci "Rose in a Glass", sau "Six-Winged Seraphim", "Pearl". Tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav daim duab ntawm tus kws sau paj lug Valery Bryusov. Thaum txog xyoo 1905, tus neeg pleev kob tau pib sai sai.

Brusov
Brusov

Nws tau siv xyoo dhau los ntawm nws lub neej hauv tsev kho mob hlwb. Nws tus poj niam Nadezhda thiab tus niam laus Anna tau saib xyuas nws kom txog thaum kawg.

Mikhail Alexandrovich tuag rau lub Plaub Hlis 14, 1910.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli 4, 1913, Nadezhda Vrubel-Zabela dhau mus.

Lawv nyob ze ntawm Novodevichy Tojntxas hauv St. Petersburg.

Mogila Vrubel
Mogila Vrubel

Lub neej tom qab lub neej

Vrubel sau dua 200 ua haujlwm. Nyob rau xyoo 1995, hauv tebchaws Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel, Omsk State Museum of Fine Arts tau tis npe tom qab nws.

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