Tam sim no lo lus "surrealism" feem ntau to taub raws li tej yam txawv txawv, zoo heev, tsis paub tseeb. Thaum pib, lub sijhawm txhais tau hais tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv kev kos duab hauv lub xyoo pua 20 ntxov, uas tau kis thoob lub ntiaj teb.
Keeb kwm me ntsis
Xyoo 1924, Fabkis tus kws sau paj lug thiab tus kws sau ntawv André Breton tau tshaj tawm txog Manifesto of Surrealism. Tsib xyoos tom qab, nws tau luam tawm phau ntawv thib ob rau tib lub ncauj lus, uas sib sau ua ke ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm thawj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib qho kev taw qhia tshiab tau tshwm sim nyob hauv Europe hauv cov ntawv nyeem, pleev duab, duab puab, thaij duab - surrealism. Cov neeg ua raws li qhov no tau pom kev kos duab "nyob rau hauv kev sib txawv", lawv tau nrhiav tsim lub ntsej muag sib txawv, uas tau tawm tsam cov tswv yim hais txog kev zoo nkauj.
Ib qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm surrealists yog kev siv ntawm cov paradoxicality ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm daim duab tsis meej thiab cov ntawv. Cov kws kos duab ua suab paj nruag ua ke tsim cov neeg tsim thiab tam sim no hauv lawv cov duab tha xim. Hauv lawv lub tswv yim, pom kev xav, kev npau taws thiab pw tsaug zog muaj peev xwm los ua ke nrog kev muaj tiag thiab tau txais kev muaj tiag.
Qhov qhia ua yeeb yam dhau los ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Daws Surrealist tau ua thaum xyoo 1925 hauv Paris. Nws cov neeg tuaj saib tau xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov hauj lwm nthuav qhia. Dua li ntawm qhov no, Paris sai dhau los ua Mecca rau surrealists thoob ntiaj teb: cov kev ua yeeb yam zoo sib xws tau muaj nyob nrog ntau zaus.
Los ntawm 70s, surrealism tau dhau los ua ib yam dhau los, tawm ntawm ib qho keeb kwm ntawm nws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, uas tseem cuam tshuam txog niaj hnub no.
Cov neeg pleev kob surrealist nto moo thiab cov duab tha xim
Salvador Dali yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ci ntsa iab ntawm surrealism hauv kev pleev xim. Txoj kev npau suav, kev zam txim thiab kev npau taws yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov duab tha xim. Dali cov haujlwm yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem muaj kev paub tsis meej thiab qub. Cov muaj suab npe nrov tshaj plaws yog nws cov duab kos duab "Persistence of Memory", "The Great Masturbator", "Soft Construction with Boiled Beans", "The Riddle of Hitler".
Lwm tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm surrealism yog Belgian Paul Delvaux. Nws cov ntawv ua haujlwm zoo li cov duab los ntawm kev npau suav nrog cov cim nondescript uas rov ua dua los ntawm cov phiaj xwm. Hauv Delvaux cov duab, feem ntau cov poj niam liab qab tau ncig nrog cov txiv neej hnav. Ntawm nws cov kev tsim muaj npe nrov: "Cov Neeg Txawj Ntse", "Awakening hav zoov", "Taug kev", "Tus txiv neej nyob hauv txoj kev", "Cov pob txha taub hau hauv chaw ua haujlwm".
Rene Magritte yog ib tug txiv neej yawg Paul Delvaux. Nws nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm surrealism uas yog tus sau ntawm witty thiab mysterious daim duab. Nws cov ntawv ua haujlwm nrov: "Ob Chav Yooj Yim", "Neeg nyiam", "Treachery of Images".
Tus kws kos duab Spanish Joan Miró yog tus thawj ntawm surrealism. Nws tau piav qhia lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev npau suav, cov lus dab neeg, thiab tshwj xeeb - nws thaum yau. Muaj ntau ntawm kev lom zem thiab kev lom zem hauv nws cov haujlwm. Ntawm cov duab muaj suab npe los ntawm Miro: "Carnival ntawm Harlequin", "Plowed Field", "The Reaper", "Miss Chicago".
Ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab surrealist tau los ntawm Mexican Frida Kahlo. Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, nws tsom mus rau nws tus kheej duab. Muaj ntau ntawm cov menyuam thiab cov cim hauv nws cov haujlwm. Cov chaw nrov tau nws cov duab kos duab: "Lub Cwj Pwm Sib Cuam", "Lub Neej Ua Ntev!", "Lub Luag Muaj Nqis Mos", "Tus Poj Niam nrog Lub ntsej muag ntawm Kev Tuag".
