Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias ntawm xyoo 20 thaum ntxov zoo li coj txawv txawv thiab tsis yooj yim rau hnub no. Ca cov ntsiab lus tsis txaus ntseeg, qee zaum zoo xws li kev kos duab ntawm tus menyuam, muaj ntau txoj kab thiab ntau yam, yuav ib lub xim ntawm cov xim - qhov no yog Lavxias avant-garde.
Yuav ua li cas nws txhua tus pib
Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20, kev pleev xim, zoo li ntau lwm hom kev kos duab, tau mus txog qhov theem siab uas ntau tus pib xav: qhov no yog qhov siab tshaj plaws, tam sim no tsis muaj kev txhim kho ntxiv lawm. Cias muab, cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau nkees ntawm nrag cov duab thiab cov duab hauv cov khoom sib txawv thiab xim. Hauv kev dhau los ntawm cov kev xav zoo li no, lawv tau pib saib rau qee txoj hauv kev tshiab, qauv, txoj kev. Thiab, zoo li feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov caij nyoog zoo li no, lawv tau pib los ntawm kev tsis lees paub dhau los. Cov Cim Cim tau ntseeg tias nws yuav tsum piav qhia txog qhov tsis yog qhov tseeb, tab sis kev xav ntawm ib tug neeg. Cov Impressionists, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tsis lees paub lub ntsiab lus, thiab suav hais tias tsuas yog daim ntawv tseem ceeb, decomposing nws mus rau hauv cov duab yooj yim duab thiab lees paub tsuas yog cov xim yooj yim - daj, liab thiab xiav. Thiab ib tug neeg tab tom nrhiav qhov tseeb hauv thawj txheej txheem ntawm pej xeem.
Qhov no tau ua rau muaj ntau txoj hauv kev European kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th thaum ntxov. Tag nrho ua ke lawv tau pib hu ua avant-garde, uas yog, nce qib, tshiab. Cov duab ntawm hom no yog tus cwj pwm ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab thiab xav tsis thoob ntawm tus saib.
Qhov feem ntau poignant thiab ntau yam yog Lavxias avant-garde. Nws tau mus deb tshaj plaws hauv nws txoj kev tsis lees paub, tab sis nws kuj yog tus txiv tshaj plaws. Tam sim no cov duab kos duab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv Lavxias avant-garde ua yeeb yam raug muag hauv ntiaj teb kev sib tw rau ntau lab daus las.
Cov neeg nto moo Lavxias avant-garde cov kws ua yeeb yam thiab lawv cov duab kos
Wassily Kandinsky yog hu ua tus tsim ntawm abstract art. Nws cov duab tsis muaj lub hom phiaj muaj cov npe txawv txawv, yog li nws xav hais txog qhov tsis muaj ib qho phiaj xwm. Yog lawm, nws tej hauj lwm tsis muaj daim phiaj, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv tuaj yeem hu tsis tau yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ntawm nws cov duab muaj npe zoo: "Daj-Liab-Xiav", "Sib Sau", "Oscillation", "Twilight". Yuav luag txhua daim Kandinsky cov duab tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm Nazis thaum lub sijhawm Great Patriotic War. Cov Nazis suav tias lawv "kos duab tsis zoo". Tam sim no Kandinsky cov duab tau nthuav tawm hauv cov tsev khaws puav pheej muaj koob npe thoob ntiaj teb.
Kazimir Malevich yog lwm tus sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias avant-garde. Nws lub npe cuam tshuam nrog cov duab kos duab "Dub Square". Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog thiab deb ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov kev tsim. Theeb dhau ntawd, daim duab yog tus kws kos daim duab uas nws tsis kam piav qhia txog yam khoom ntuj. Nws tsim cov qauv tshwj xeeb hauv kev pleev xim - Suprematism, uas muab cov xim thiab cov duab geometric hauv thawj qhov chaw. Cov npe ntawm nws cov duab nrov: "Dub Hla ntawm Liab Liab", "Toj roob hauv pes nrog ob daim duab", "Red Square".
Vladimir Tatlin yog ib tus neeg tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias avant-garde. Rau nws, cov duab ntawm cov khoom tiag, cov neeg tseem ceeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yooj yim ob qho tib si xim thiab loj. Nws cov duab thauv feem ntau piv rau daim duab Lavxias thaum ub. Ntawm nws cov hauj lwm nto moo yog Tus Neeg Tsav nkoj. Cov xim pleev xim rau hauv plaub xim yog: tsaus daj, xiav, dub thiab liab. Tatlin suav tias Picasso yog nws tus kws qhia.
