Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug Hovhannes Tumanyan tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev txhim kho ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv nyeem Armenian. Nws cov hauj lwm tau muab txhais ua ntau hom lus, cov phab ej thiab cov phiaj neeg uas nws tau tsim los ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab theem, hauv xinesmas thiab tha xim. Nyob rau hauv Armenia hnub no muaj ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau mob siab rau qhov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Tumanyan, txoj kev, tsev kawm ntawv thiab txawm tias tag nrho lub nroog muaj npe raws nws nyob hauv lub tebchaws no.
thaum ntxov xyoo
Hovhannes Tadevosovich Tumanyan yug rau lub Ob Hlis 19, 1869 hauv tsev neeg ntawm txiv plig hauv lub nroog Dsekh, nyob hauv Lori (qhov no yog thaj chaw nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Armenia, ciam teb ntawm Georgia).
Hovhannes tau txais nws thawj qhov kev kawm ntawv hauv Stepanavan. Xyoo 1883, nws hloov mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv Nersesyanov hauv Tiflis (tam sim no Tbilisi), tab sis vim yog teeb meem cov ntaub ntawv nws tsis tuaj yeem kawm tiav nws thiab xyoo 1887 raug yuam kom nrhiav haujlwm ntawm Tiflis Armenian Cov Neeg Hais Plaub.
Ib xyoo tom qab, xyoo 1888, qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tau tshwm sim hauv tus kheej lub neej ntawm Ovanes Tadevosovich - nws tau sib yuav Olga Machkalyan. Lawv nyob ua ke kom txog thaum kws sau ntawv tuag, lawv muaj kaum tus me nyuam - rau tus ntxhais thiab plaub tug tub. Nws paub tias ib qho ntawm Tamara cov ntxhais, thaum nws loj tuaj, tau dhau los ua tus tsim qauv vaj tsev hauv tebchaws Armenia.
Qhov chaw muab kev pabcuam tomntej rau Tumanyan tomqab cov neeg tawm hauv tsev hais plaub yog chav lis haujlwm ntawm Armenian Publishing Union. Ntawm no nws tau ua haujlwm txog thaum 1893. Hauv chav ua haujlwm, Tumanyan tau nkag mus saib cov phau ntawv kos duab, thiab nws nyeem lawv voraciously. Ntawm qhov nws tau nyeem lub sijhawm no yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Armenian sau txog yav dhau los, thiab cov lus dab neeg hais txog cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb, thiab cov neeg ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb.
Tumanyan cov haujlwm ntawm kev sau ntawv
Hovhannes Tumanyan cov ntawv sau txog kev lag luam tau pib tshwm sim hauv Armenian ntu (tshwj xeeb, hauv cov ntawv xov xwm menyuam yaus) thaum xyoo 1890 pib. Thiab nws thawj phau ntawv luam tawm xyoo 1892. Nws tau hu yooj yim - "Paj Huam". Phau ntawv no ua rau Tumanyan nto moo hauv tebchaws Armenia. Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sijhawm, nws tau luam tawm ntau cov paj huam ("Maro", "Sako los ntawm Lori", "Wailing", "Anush"), uas piav txog yawg koob txoj kev ntawm lub neej ntawm Armenian peasants thiab lawv nyuaj.
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav ntawm Tumanyan cov ntawv sau tseg hais tias ntau yam ntawm nws tsim tau zoo raws li lub teb chaws epic, Armenian cov lus dab neeg thiab cov kab lis kev cai. Ua piv txwv, ib tus tuaj yeem hais nws cov ntawv paj nruag thiab cov lus dab neeg hais tawm xws li "Kev ntes ntawm Tmuk Fortress" (1902), "David ntawm Sasunsky" (1902), "Parvana" (1903), "Master and Servant" (1908), "Tso Tawm ntawm zib ntab" (1909), "Pigeon Skete" (1913), "Brave Nazar" (1912), "Shah thiab tus neeg taug kev" (1917).
Kev ua si
Ntxiv rau kev sau ntawv ntawm kev tsim, Ovanes Tadevosovich tau koom nrog kev ua si nrog zej zog. Xyoo 1899, hauv Tiflis, nws tau tsim tsa cov neeg sau ntawv "Vernatun" hauv zej zog, uas suav nrog ntau tus neeg txawj sau ntawv Armenian lus thiab cov paj huam ntawm xyoo (Avetik Isahakyan, Gazaros Aghayan, Derenik Demirchyan, thiab lwm yam).
Xyoo 1905, Hovhannes Tumanyan tsim phau ntawv xov xwm rau menyuam yaus "Asker" (txhais ua lus Lavxias - "Kolosya"). Cov ntawv xov xwm no tau luam tawm ob qho tib si nws tus kheej cov lus dab neeg thiab cov lus kwv huam, thiab cov ntawv sau ntawm lwm tus kws sau ntawv.
Xyoo 1907, Tumanyan, ua ke nrog Arakel Leo, Levon Shant thiab Vrtanes Papazyan, tau sau tus primer thiab phau ntawv rau nyeem "Lusaber" ("Svetoch") rau cov tsev kawm ntawv. Hauv phau ntawv no, thawj cov haujlwm hauv Armenian raug sib txuam nrog cov txhais lus los ntawm Pushkin, Chekhov, Turgenev, Dostoevsky thiab lwm yam Lavxias classics. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm Tumanyan, ib tug menyuam yaus sau cov lus qhuab qhia "Armenian Sau" tau luam tawm.
Txij xyoo 1912 txog rau 1921, nws tau ua tus thawj coj ntawm Caucasian Union ntawm Armenian Sau.
Lub sijhawm nyob rau xyoo ntawm Armenian genocide, Hovhannes Tumanyan tau muab kev pabcuam thiab txhawb nqa rau cov neeg uas khiav tawm ntawm kev tua neeg Turkish los ntawm Western Armenia mus rau xeev Erivan. Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, xyoo 1918, lub sijhawm ua tsov rog Armenian-Georgian, tus kws sau ntawv tawm tswv yim txog nws qhov kawg, rau kev thaj yeeb ntawm cov neeg no.
Xyoo dhau los thiab tuag
Tom qab tsim lub zog ntawm cov Soviets hauv Armenia, tus kws sau paj lug tau coj Pab Pawg mus rau Armenia. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1921, Tumanyan tau mus rau Constantinople ua tus thawj coj ntawm Pawg Neeg no. Thiab qhov no yog qhov nws tau mus ncig ua lag luam dhau los txawv teb chaws. Thaum nws rov qab los, mob loj heev (mob khees-xaws) ceev nws mus pw. Nws paub tias nyob rau xyoo tas los thiab ib nrab ntawm nws lub neej, Tumanyan tsis khoom nrog kev ua qee yam ntawm nws tus kheej cov haujlwm. Nws kuj muaj cov tswv yim tshiab, tab sis, alas, lawv tsis muaj kev cia siab los ua qhov tseeb lawm.
Hovhannes Tumanyan tuag hauv tsev kho mob thaum lub Peb Hlis 23, 1923 hauv Moscow. Nws raug coj mus faus rau hauv Tbilisi ntawm lub toj ntxas lub npe hu ua Khojivanka Pantheon.
