Khede-oos Mantell: Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm, Kev Pab Txhawb Rau Kev Tshawb Fawb

Cov txheej txheem:

Khede-oos Mantell: Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm, Kev Pab Txhawb Rau Kev Tshawb Fawb
Khede-oos Mantell: Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm, Kev Pab Txhawb Rau Kev Tshawb Fawb

Video: Khede-oos Mantell: Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm, Kev Pab Txhawb Rau Kev Tshawb Fawb

Video: Khede-oos Mantell: Phau Ntawv Keeb Kwm, Kev Pab Txhawb Rau Kev Tshawb Fawb
Video: Phau ntawv coj kev, kev txawj je 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Nyob rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua puv 19, cov kws txawj pib ua haujlwm thiab kws tshawb fawb pib xav paub txog cov pob txha tsiaj uas tsis paub yav tas los ntawm cov tsiaj uas tau ploj mus ntau tshaj 65 lab xyoo dhau los. Ib tug ntawm cov tho kev thaum lawv kawm ntawv yog tus Askiv Gideon Mantell.

Khede-oos Mantell: phau ntawv keeb kwm, kev pab txhawb rau kev tshawb fawb
Khede-oos Mantell: phau ntawv keeb kwm, kev pab txhawb rau kev tshawb fawb

thaum ntxov xyoo

Gideon Algernon Mantell yug rau lub Ob Hlis 3, 1790 hauv Lewis, hauv cheeb tsam Askiv ntawm Sussex. Nws yog tus menyuam thib tsib hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus khau tsis zoo.

Nws ua tiav kev kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv kho mob, tsim nyog ua ib tus kws kho mob thiab pib xyaum ua haujlwm hauv nws lub tsev hauv tsev ua cov kws kho mob yug menyuam. Mantell tom qab koom nrog Royal College ntawm neeg phais mob.

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Txij li thaum me nyuam yaus, Mantell yog qhov zoo ntawm geology thiab tau siv nws lub sijhawm dawb thaum mus ncig ntawm thaj chaw, sau thiab kawm piv txwv ntawm pob zeb txawv txawv. Nws lub tsev nyob ntawm Sussex lub npe nrov rau nws qhov kev ua kom poob qis txog niaj hnub no. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov pob txha caj dab seem ntawm cov tsiaj tau tshwj tseg nyob rau hauv lawv. Lawv txawm tuag nyob rau hauv lossis ze dej hauv thaj chaw ntawd. Lawv lub cev tau nqa hauv qab thiab txiav txim siab ua lacustrine sediments.

Mantell tus poj niam, Mary Ann, qhia txog qhov nws zoo siab. Xyoo 1818, nws tab tom taug kev ncig ntawm cov liaj teb ntawm Cuckfield, sab qaum teb ntawm Lewis, thiab pom cov pob txha uas tsis muaj pob txha zoo nyob hauv cov pawg pob zeb. Gideon Mantell tau xav pom nws tus poj niam thiab tom qab ntawd khawb ntawm qhov chaw ntawd.

Tus kws tshawb fawb nrhiav tau ntau yam pob txha muag nyob rau ntawd, suav nrog khaws hniav zoo nkauj. Nws muas thaum chiv thawj lawv ua tus nab raj nab qa hniav. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd nws tau ua pov thawj tias lawv tau koom nrog cov tsiaj ntawm cov neeg tsis paub txog lub sijhawm thaum ub, uas tau muaj npe hu ua iguanodon (los ntawm Greek cov ntsiab lus txhais lo hniav hniav)

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Kev pab rau kev kawm

Mantell qhov kev tshawb pom thiab kev tshawb fawb tau sib tw txog lub hnub nyoog thiab keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb, thiab tau pab txhawb kom muaj kev nkag siab niaj hnub ntawm kev ua neej nyob ua ntej. Nws yog thawj tus tau paub tias cov pob txha loj-me uas nws pom tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj dab neeg, tab sis rau cov tsiaj thaum ub. Tau ntev, nws cov lus xaus tsis pom kev nkag siab ntawm cov kws kho paj hlwb, tab sis tus txiv neej Askiv txuas ntxiv hais kom nws tus kheej.

Gideon Mantell nrhiav tau Hylaeosaurus, Pelorosaurus thiab Regnosaurus - peb lub tsev neeg ntawm prehistoric lizards uas tom qab lub npe hu ua ໄດ ໂນ ເສົາ los ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm kws muaj peev xwm muaj npe hu ua Richard Owen (uas txhais tau tias "kab mob phem"). Mantell tseem piav qhia txog cov tsiaj reptile Telerpeton Elginense, uas nyob thaum lub sijhawm Triassic, kwv yees li ntawm 206 thiab 248 lab lub xyoo dhau los.

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Nws ua pov thawj tias cov pob txha nrhiav pom yog cov seem ntawm Cretaceous dej tsiaj uas tau nyob ntawm 66 thiab 145 lab xyoo dhau los. Lawv nyob hauv ob qho tib si dej ntshiab thiab ntsev.

Raws li ib qho ntawm cov nrhiav cov txiv ntawm paleontology, Mantell tau teeb tsa nws qhov kev tshawb pom hauv ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb: Medals of Creation thiab South Downs Fossils, lossis Illustrated Geology ntawm Sussex. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tias thaum lub sijhawm nws tas nws lub neej nws tsis paub yeeb koob. Richard Owen da dej hauv nws daim duab tshav ntuj, uas nquag siv nws tshawb pom. Thiab Mantell tau nqis mus rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm kev kawm hais tias "tus neeg nrhiav khoom tuag ntawm cov dinosaurs tsis nco qab." Ib qho ntawm ammonites (Ammonites mantelli), pom nyob hauv Cretaceous pob zeb ntawm sab qab teb tebchaws Askiv, muaj npe raws nws.

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