Bella Akhmadulina yog ib tug kws sau paj lug thiab tus kws sau nkauj zoo. Nws cov paj huam hais txog qhov zais ntawm qhov, ib txwm muaj kev paub hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Cov ntsiab lus sau paj huam ntawm tus kws sau paj huam tau sau nrog cov duab tiag tiag, lawv tau cim los ntawm kev siv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov lus qhia uas sib txuam nrog cov lus niaj hnub no, kev paub tab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus tsis tseem ceeb.
Biography
Izabella Akhatovna Akhmadulina tsuas yog tus menyuam yaus hauv tsev neeg thoob ntiaj teb. Nws txiv yog Tatar, thiab nws niam muaj keeb kwm Italian. Tus kws sau paj lug yav tom ntej tau yug hauv Moscow xyoo 1937. Bella pib sau paj huam thaum nws kawm ntawv xyoo. Xyoo 1954, nws kawm tiav tsev kawm theem siab, hauv tib lub xyoo nws pib ua haujlwm hauv ntawv xov xwm Soviet Metrostroyevts thiab tau yuav txiv yawg yog yawg Yevgeny Yevtushenko.
Xyoo 1955, Akhmadulina nkag mus rau hauv lub Literary Institute. M. Gorky hauv Moscow thiab tshaj tawm nws thawj paj huam. Nws kawm tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv 1960, tab sis nws txoj kev kawm tsis muaj huab. Bella raug ntiab tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv vim yog nws qhov kev tsis nyiam nrog kev ua nom ua tswv, tshwj xeeb rau nws tsis kam txhawb kev tsim txom ntawm tus kws sau paj lug Boris Pasternak. Tus kws sau ntawv uas muaj suab npe Pavel Antokolsky pab kho tus kws sau paj lug tshiab rau ntawm lub koom haum, thiab nws muaj peev xwm tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav.
Xyoo 1962 luam tawm nws daim ntawv sau ua ntej "The String", uas yog ib qho zoo. Tom qab ntawd cov phau ntawv tuaj:
- Ua daus no (1968);
- Cov Nkauj Ua Yeeb Yam (1970);
- Kwv huam (1975);
- Los Nag (1977);
- Tus Cwm (1977);
- Lus zais (1983);
- Vaj Pov (1989).
Hauv lub sijhawm xyoo 1960 thiab 1970, nws tau tso cai rau taug kev mus rau Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas, qhov chaw uas xyoo 1977 nws tau dhau los ua tus tswvcuab qhuas Meskas ntawm Asmeskas Academy of Arts and Letters. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev, Bella Akhmadulina yog qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntau npaum li muaj suab npe Soviet ntau dua thiab sau ntawv.
Nws txoj haujlwm ua tus txhais lus (nws tau txhais cov ntawv sau paj huam los ntawm Fabkis, Ltalis, Chechnya, Poland, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Georgia, Armenia thiab ntau lub tebchaws ntxiv rau Lavxias) ua rau nws raug ncaws tawm los ntawm Tsoomfwv ntawm Tsoomfwv Soviet Sau Ntawv hauv tebchaws Brezhnev era; nws tab tom txhawb xws li Soviet cov neeg tsis sib xws li Boris Pasternak, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Andrei Sakharov. Nws cov lus tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv New York Times thiab tshaj tawm hauv Xov Tooj Cua Liberty.
Rau nws txoj haujlwm Bella Akhmadulina tau raug tsa Order Order of Merit rau Fatherland II thiab III degrees, Order of Friendship of Peoples. Nws yog tus qhuas rau ntau qhov khoom plig thiab tus neeg tsim txiaj ntawm Lavxias Kev Kawm Txuj Ci.
Tus kheej lub neej
Zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam, xyoo 1954 nws tau yuav txiv tus kws sau paj huam Yevgeny Yevtushenko, uas tau hlub nrog nws "puag ncig, ntsej muag menyuam" thiab plaub hau liab, khiab vog. Tab sis ib xyoos tom qab no, ces txoj kev sib yuav. Tom qab sib cais nrog Yevtushenko, nws tau sib yuav tus kws sau dab neeg luv luv Yuri Nagibin, nrog tus uas lawv tau nyob rau 8 xyoo. Thiab tom qab ntawd muaj kev sib yuav nrog tus kws sau ntawv Gennady Mamlin. Tus txiv kawg ntawm tus kws sau paj lug yog tus kws kos duab thiab tsim qauv Boris Messerer, nrog nws Akhmadulina nyob rau ntau dua 30 xyoo. Bella Akhmadulina muaj ob tug ntxhais: Elizabeth thiab Anna.
