Alexey Peshkov yog ib tug kws tshaj lij Lavxias, paub zoo los ntawm nws lub npe "Maxim Gorky". Nws sau txog cov dab neeg, novellas thiab cov dab neeg, kev ua yeeb yam thiab cov ntawv sau dab neeg, uas piav txog lub neej ntawm nws lub caij nyoog ntawm ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab zej zog, nrhiav sab ntsuj plig ntawm cov phab ej. Cov txuj ci ntawm Alexei Gorky yog nyob rau ntawm ib qho haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Leo Tolstoy, Anton Chekhov, Fyodor Dostoevsky thiab lwm tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias.
Alexey Maksimovich Gorky yog tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias zoo, uas nws ua haujlwm tau paub zoo hauv tebchaws Russia thiab txawv tebchaws. Tsuas yog Gorky tsis yog nws lub xeem lub npe tiag tiag, tab sis daim ntawv txwv. Lub npe tiag tiag - Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov. Tus kws sau ntawv yug thaum lub Peb Hlis 1868 hauv lub nroog Nizhny Novgorod. Nws txiv yog ib tug kws ntoo, nws tuag thaum Alyosha tseem yog menyuam yaus. Thaum yau thiab thaum tiav hluas mas nyuaj rau nws. Tej zaum yog vim li cas, thaum nws pib sau, nws coj rau nws tus kheej xws li kev ua txawv txawv - "iab", raws li kev nco txog nws lub neej iab thiab nyuaj.
Gorky cov hluas
Lub sijhawm me nyuam yaus thiab thaum hluas ntawm Alexei Maksimovich Peshkov yog qhov nyuaj heev. Raws li tau hais los saum no, nws tau los ua menyuam ntsuag thaum ntxov, poob nws txiv, uas yog tus txiv neej siab zoo thiab hlub nws tus tub heev. Tom qab nws txiv tuag, tus tub thiab nws niam tsiv mus nyob nrog nws niam pog. Cov niam tais yawm txiv no tawv heev thiab coj tsis zoo rau cov neeg hlub, uas kuj tsis coj kev zoo siab rau lub neej thaum yau. Alexey Maksimovich thaum ntxov heev tau pib mus khwv nws lub neej ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws yeej xav mus kawm ntawv nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv qeb siab. Xyoo 1884 Nws txawm qhia tshwj xeeb rau Kazan kom nkag mus hauv lub tsev kawm hauv nroog. Tab sis nws ua tsis tau tiav. Nov yog thawj zaug thiab sim kawg ntawm Gorky lub neej mus kawm. Tab sis txawm hais tias nws tsis muaj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab ntawm kev kawm, nws muaj peev xwm raug suav tias yog kev txawj ntse. Txhua yam kev paub nws tswj kom tau txais, nws tau txais kev ua tsaug rau lub zog hlau thiab lub siab xav kawm.
Sim yus tua yus
Muaj ib qhov xwm txheej hauv Gorky lub neej uas tus kws sau ntawv tsis nyiam nco txog. Qhov no tshwm sim xyoo 1887. Nws sim ua yus tua yus tus kheej. Kev hais lus phem tau hais tias nws tau ua nws txoj kev poob siab, los ntawm qhov kev xav tau tas mus li thiab sab heev. Nws xuas phom tua nws tus kheej nrog rab phom loj. Tus mob tsis loj, tus kws sau ntawv tau zoo sai. Tab sis raws li nws tom qab hais nws tus kheej, nws tau ua nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav sim kom paub thiab hnov txhua qhov kev xav uas nws tus cwj pwm tau paub.
Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov taug kev ntau heev hauv nws lub neej. Yuav luag ntawm ko taw, nws taug kev ib nrab ntawm Russia, ntau dua li ib zaug nws tau txawv teb chaws. Thaum lub sijhawm cov xwm txheej hauv lub tebchaws nws coj ncaj qha, rau tom qab ntawd nws tau hu ua "kws sau paj lug ntawm kev tawm tsam." Cov haujlwm uas nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Gorky yog: cov ntawv sau nrov "Foma Gordeev", "Makar Chudra", ua yeeb yam "Bourgeois", "Hauv qab", "Barbarians", "Vassa Zheleznova", "Tus Poj Niam Laus Izergil", "Nkauj ntawm Petrel ", tshiab" niam ", tus kheej hais txog zaj dab neeg“Menyuam yaus”,“Hauv Tib Neeg”,“Kuv Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv”thiab lwm tus.
Tus kheej lub neej ntawm Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov
Tus kws sau ntawv tau sib yuav ntau zaug. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, cov poj niam yeej ib txwm nyiam cov kws sau ntawv. Gorky thawj tus poj niam yog Ekaterina Volzhina. Los ntawm lawv cov txij nkawm, ib tug ntxhais tau yug los, uas tuag thaum tseem hluas heev. Tus tub lub npe yog Maxim thiab yav tom ntej nws tau los ua tus kws kos duab, txawm hais tias tsis yog tus kws tshaj lij, tab sis yog tus nyiam siv tes taw. Nws tuag xyoo 1934, thiab muaj lus xaiv tias kev tuag no tsis yog ntuj tsim, lawv hais tias nws raug tua. Tus poj niam thib ob ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yog tus kiv puag ncig thiab ua yeeb yam - Maria Andreeva. Thiab tus thib peb yog Maria Budberg, nrog leej twg nws nyob txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.
