Hermitage yog ib qho ntawm cov tsev khaws khoom qub tshaj plaws hauv peb lub teb chaws, nws cov duab tau txuas ruaj khov nyob hauv peb lub siab nrog cov chav muaj kuab heev ntawm Lub Caij Ntuj No. Tseeb tiag, Lub caij ntuj no Palace yog lub tsev loj thiab loj tshaj ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom hauv lub tsev khaws khoom, nws daim npav tuaj xyuas. Tab sis lub caij ntuj no Palace tau pib hloov mus rau hauv cov chaw ua yeeb yam hauv tsuas yog xyoo pua 20 xwb. Hermitage raws li lub tsev cia puav pheej tsis tau pib ntawm no.
Thawj lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv lub tsev tsim ua vaj tsev ntawm lub caij ntuj no Palace tuaj yeem suav tias yog Hermitage Me, cov kws txawj txua Felten thiab Wallen-Delamot. Lub tsev no muaj ob lub tsev txawb chaw nyob - sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb, thiab ob chav pom nyob ntawm ob sab ntawm lub Vaj Hanging. Hauv lub qhov tau ua dhau los, tab sis lawv yog cov uas mob siab rau saib cov khoom kos duab. Cov duab hauv cov duab tau muab tso los ntawm kev ua tas mus li, "tapestry" dai.
Muab qhov laj thawj, cov phab ntsa hauv chav ua haujlwm yog qhov siv heev. Lub ntsiab zoo nkauj thauj khoom poob ntawm cov canvas, nws tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau cov stucco mouldings thiab, kom tsis txhob muaj monotony, vim nws qhov ntev ntev, me me tsis muaj tseeb thiab cov cylindrical vaults tau ua ntawm no. Hauv qab no cov thawj, hauv medallions ua los ntawm cov ntoo ua kom zoo nkauj, muaj cov ntaub ntawv nyem daim duab ntawm cov npe nrov Western European thiab Lavxias, kws ua duab, kws tshawb fawb thiab kws tsim vaj tsev - Titian, Rubens, Ghiberti, Martos, Murillo thiab lwm tus Xws li, hauv kev xav ntawm lawv cov neeg tsim khoom, yuav tsum muaj lub tsev cia puav pheej nruab nrab ntawm lub caij nyoog classicism era.
Lub tuam tsev thib ob tsim los khaws cov khoom ntawm daim duab yog Great Hermitage, tom qab ntawd hu ua Laus. Thaum xub thawj, nws muaj ob lub tsev - ib lub tsev sib txuas nrog Me Hermitage raws lub Tsev Cog Lus Palace thiab lub tsev Loggia Raphael, ua ib qho me ntsis tom qab, txiav mus rau lub tsev dhau los, raws tus kwj dej caij ntuj no. Hauv Great Hermitage ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Felten muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntawv nyeem, qee chav yog tseg rau chaw nyob.
Lub cav Loggias los ntawm Raphael los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse Quarenghi muaj tsev tsis yog tsuas yog luam rau daim duab Vatican xwb. Chav tsev nrog qhov rai mus rau lub tshav puam, Lub Chaw Qaum Teb qaum teb thiab Qab Teb ntawm nws cov xaus tau npaj coj los khaws cia khoom kos duab. Lawv tsim tau yooj yim txaus. Hauv chav hauv nruab nrab sab saud lub qhov rais muaj cov medallions uas muaj khoom siv, thiab niches nrog coffered hemispherical ceilings tau npaj ntawm qhov xaus. Rau hauv pem teb ua ntej, qhov txheej txheem ntawm uas yuav luag haum rau lub sab saud, dhau sijhawm ib lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem txawv teb chaws tau teeb tsa. Lub tsev ntawm Raphael's Loggias poob tag, tsuas yog lub phab ntsa los ntawm ib sab ntawm tus kwj dej xwb. Ib chav tsev nrog cov ntawv luam ntawm Vatican duab yog tsim rau hauv lub tsev ntawm New Hermitage.
Tom qab qhib ntawm Tshiab Hermitage, lub tsev pheeb suab sau tsiv rau ntawd. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tus kws kes duab vajtse Stackenschneider tau npaj chav nyob, chaw ua haujlwm thiab chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev ua yeeb yam hauv lub qub chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev Qub Hermitage. Thawj theem yog nyob ntawm tsoomfwv cov chaw haujlwm rau qee lub sijhawm.
Tam sim no, hauv pem teb thib ob yog dua tseg rau kev ua yeeb yam. Cov kev teeb tsa ntawm ob txoj kab ntev ntev tau muab khaws cia ntawm no - ib qho kev saib xyuas txoj kev kos, qhov thib ob mus rau hauv lub tshav puam, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj npaj los ntawm Stackenschneider rau cov chaw nyob. Cov chav nrog cov qhov rai ntsia rau ntawm Neva - Chav Hauv Pem Hauv Ntej - yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov duab dai kom zoo nkauj. Nws yog qhib los ntawm yav dhau los Chav txais tos nrog jasper kem, zoo nkauj pilasters, xim ntoo qhov rooj nrog pleev xim plooj (porcelain medallions), gilded stucco mouldings thiab pleev xim rau panels saum qab nthab thiab sab saum toj lub qhov rooj. Qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav loj tshaj plaws thiab ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws ob chav ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv Lub Tsev Hermitage Qub tau ua rau pom ntau yam ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom siv. Ntawm no yog jasper thiab marble, porphyry thiab lapis lazuli. Chav thib ob yog octahedral hauv txoj kev npaj, them nrog lub dome. Ntawm no, raws li nyob rau hauv cov chav hauv qab no, lub ntsiab dai kom zoo nkauj ntog ntog hauv lub qab nthab nplua nuj zoo nkauj nrog gilded stucco molding thiab nyem cov khoom qab zib nrog cov duab ntxig duab.
Cov tsev ntawm lub Tsev Tshiab Hermitage twb muaj tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Rau kev tsim qauv, German tus kws kes duab vajtse Leo von Klenze tau koom nrog, uas twb paub dhau los hauv kev tsim lub tsev khaws puav pheej pej xeem - Munich Pinakothek. Txoj kev tsim kho lub tsev thiab ua tiav tiav tau saib xyuas los ntawm N. Efimov.
Raws li Klenze lub tswv yim, duab puab txheej thaum ub thiab Niaj Hnub, raws li kev kos duab qub, yuav tsum tau muab coj los nthuav qhia rau hauv av. Yog li ntawd, qee cov chav yog dai kom zoo nkauj hauv lub sijhawm qub. Ib ntawm lawv, Kaum-ob sab, tau npaj rau Greek thiab Etruscan vases. Nws tau tsim xws li cov pob zeb loj thaum ub. Lub qab nthab yog them nrog murals nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm antique ceramics tha xim, thiab nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa muaj sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv Greek style. Hauv pem teb yog leem nrog mosaics nrog acanthus ornaments thiab meander. Lwm lub tsev ntawm Sculpture qub tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub tshav puam antique. Nws yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog dawb fluted Corinthian kem, cov phab ntsa yog lined nrog cov khoom cuav marble hauv cov xim dub lilac, thiab hauv pem teb cov nplais yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab geometric thiab floral.
Chav tsev uas tus kws kes duab vajtse npaj ua kom pom cov duab puab ntawm lub caij nyoog niaj hnub yog ntxiv los ntawm medallions nrog cov profiles ntawm Michelangelo, Canova, Martos thiab lwm tus. Tus duab ntawm cov duab puab tshaj tawm tau muab tso rau saum qab nthab, uas hauv chav no Dais lub ntsiab zoo nkauj thauj. Lub tsev txhab nyiaj yog npog nrog lub thawv tsev ceev nyiaj nrog stripping thiab nplua mias them nrog stucco kho kom zoo nkauj. Phab ntsa yog them nrog tob ntsuab dag marble.
Hauv seem ntawm cov tsev ntawm lub tsev thib ib, cov phab ntsa kuj tau ntsib nrog cov xim pleev xim zoo nkauj, thiab lub qab nthab yog ob qho tib si nrog thim, pleev xim rau nrog cov qauv paj hauv cov dab qub, lossis ncaj, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog caissons.
Chav thib ob yog qhib los ntawm chav ua yeeb yam ntawm Keeb Kwm Kev Ua Duab បុរាណ. Cov chav ua yeeb yam muaj plaub lub xwm fab xwm meem, txhua chav uas muaj tus dome. Lub sails txhawb nqa cov puav muaj pib-nyem duab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo, suav nrog Leo von Klenze nws tus kheej. Txhawm rau dai daim duab, cov duab pleev xim tau pleev xim uas qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm kev pleev xim.
Qhov chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob hauv chav tsev thib ob yog chav tsev ntawm peb chav nrog teeb pom kev sab nraud. Giant kaw vaults nrog qhib tau yog kiag li them nrog arabesque stucco. Cov chav ua si yog npaj rau cov qauv loj. Lub tsev pheeb suab ntaub yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov tseeb tias hauv nws cov gable qab nthab koj tuaj yeem pom tag nrho cov kab ke ua haujlwm npog nrog pleev xim.
Qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb ntawm New Hermitage yog tias lub tsev no tau xeeb thiab tsim los kom meej meej rau kev nthuav tawm cov khoom kos duab. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm xyoo pua puv 19 nyob rau hauv architecture ntawm Lavxias yog lub sijhawm tig mus rau ntau qhov qauv kos duab yav dhau los. Tus qauv tsim lub tsev tso cai rau lub tsev cia puav pheej, sim tsim kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov zaub thiab sab hauv, Leo von Klenze tau muaj lub sijhawm zoo los siv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Greek, Roman thiab Renaissance architecture.
