Delft yog ib lub nroog tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob hauv Netherlands. Nws tau ua kom zoo siab los ntawm cov duab tha xim ntawm enigmatic Jan Vermeer ntawm Delft thiab lub ceramics paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb li Delft plooj (veneers). Tab sis cov plooj (veneers) hauv Holland tau pib tsim tawm tom qab thiab tsis tas li ntawm Delft.
Hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, Delft tau ntsib nws qhov khaus hnub. Holland nyob rau lub sijhawm no tau dhau los ua lub tebchaws vam meej nyob hauv Western Europe, lub hauv paus ntawm nws txoj kev vam meej yog kev ua tiav kev lag luam hiav txwv. Rau kev ua lag luam nrog cov teb chaws nyob sab hnub tuaj, lub tuam txhab East Is Nrias teb tau tsim, ib lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm tau nyob hauv Delft. Cov tub luam Dutch tau nqa tshuaj yej, txuj lom, ntaub, cov khoom muaj nqis thiab, ntawm chav kawm, cov plooj (veneers) los ntawm Asia.
Plooj (porcelain) yog cov lauj kaub zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntxhuav loj muaj xws li kaolin - qib siab tshaj plaws av nplaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab lwm yam tshuaj ntxiv rau hauv qee qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab nqa tawm hluav taws kub ntawm qhov kub. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov siv tau haum, kub-resistant, lub teeb yuag, tsis ntxeem, tsis pom, cov khoom siv sonorous - tawv plooj (porcelain). Cov lus zais ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam ua qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm xyoo pua ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tau pom hauv Suav teb.
Thawj thawj zaug, cov haiv neeg European kawm paub txog Suav cov plooj (veneers) hauv xyoo pua 13th los ntawm Venetian ncig tebchaws Marco Polo. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15, qee cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov ntoo zoo nkauj uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov huab tais ntawm cov huab tais European. Thiab tsuas yog nyob rau 17th caug xyoo, ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ntawm East Is Nrias Tuam Tuam Txhab, cov plooj (porcelain) nkag mus rau Lub Ntiaj Teb Laus hauv qhov ntau, tab sis nws tseem tseem pheej tsis tshua muaj nqi thiab tsuas yog muaj nyob rau lub voj voog me me ntawm cov neeg European zoo heev.
Lawv tau sim ua kom tiav qhov tsis zais kev ntawm kev ua cov pua laujkaub hauv Tebchaws Europe rau ntau pua xyoo. Suav tau khaws cov lus zais ntawm cov plooj (veneers) kom nruj kom nws thiaj li rov kho dua tshiab ob peb zaug. Hauv chav kawm ntawm kev tshawb fawb, cov hom tshiab ntawm cov pob txha loram tau tsim, ntawm lawv faience. Nyob rau hauv tsos, nws zoo li plooj (porcelain), tab sis tseem nws yog ib qho khoom siv ntawm cov khoom qis dua. Nws yog qhov ntxeem tau, tsis yog li ntuag thiab sonorous, tsis kis lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, earthenware tau dhau los ua ntau dua nyob hauv Europe, Spain thiab Ltalis ua lub npe nrov rau cov khoom lag luam earthenware. Thiab nyob rau xyoo pua 17th, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam earthenware tau dhau mus rau Holland.
Hauv xyoo 1614 hauv Delft qee yam Vitmans tau txais daim ntawv patent rau kev ua cov ceramic. Hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, lub nroog Dutch me me dhau los ua qhov chaw kos duab ntawm European qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov zoo siab nthuav dav, kev txhim kho cov tais diav ntim hauv Delft nyob rau xyoo 17th tau yooj yim los ntawm kev tsis zoo ntawm cov dej tsis huv hauv zos. Sij hawm dhau los, lub nroog muaj npe nrov rau nws cov dej haus. Tab sis vim yog dej, ntau qhov chaw ua dej haus yuav tsum tau kaw, thiab cov rooj cob qhia ceramic tau tsim tsa hauv lawv qhov chaw.
Cov plooj (porcelain) uas nyuaj, paub cov Suav txij li lub xyoo pua 10, tau pom hauv Tebchaws Europe tsuas yog xyoo 1709. Delft kuj tau nrov npe rau nws cov khoom lag luam earthenware. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv qub Dutch nws tau hu ua plooj (porcelain). Kaolin, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov plooj (porcelain), tsis muaj nyob hauv Holland txhua. Cov khoom siv rau kev ua kom Delft faience yog kev sib xyaw ntawm peb hom av nplaum, ib qhov ntawm yog dawb. Thaum ua ke ntawm lub ntsej muag ci, nws muab cov xim daj ntom, tuab ntawm dawb tom qab, yooj yim heev rau kev pleev xim. Cov khoom yog strikingly teeb nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj, lawv yuav luag illusoryly zoo li suav suav. Thiab tsuas yog muaj cov kev so tshiab tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tias qhov no tsis yog plooj (veneers), tab sis faience.
Thaum pib, Delft tus kws tsim txuj ci siv qauv Suav rau suav sau. Cov khoom lag luam polychrome tseem tau dav, tab sis cov xim xiav-thiab-dawb, pleev xim nrog cobalt ntawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau dawb, tau nyiam tshwj xeeb tshaj yog. Los ntawm ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 17th, nrog rau Suav motifs, lawv tau pib piav qhia txog kev pom ntawm Dutch lub nroog, cua daj cua dub, seascapes nrog kev caij nkoj. Tom qab ntawd tau muaj cov khoom piav qhia txog Dutch cov toj roob hauv pes, kev qhia hauv phau npaiv npaum, thiab cov duab paj.
Ntxiv nrog rau tableware, cov vuas ceramic pib tsim hauv Delft. Hauv cov tsev Dutch, nws tau siv los ua chaw rauv taws, phiaj xwm thiab txhua chav ntawm hauv pem teb txog nthab. Tab sis tsawg kawg skirting board raws kab npoo qis ntawm phab ntsa, txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub plaster thaum ntxuav cov plag tsev. Ntawm qhov nrov motifs ntawm cov vuas yog qhov piav qhia ntawm Dutch cov neeg me thiab hauv nroog hauv cov khaub ncaws txhua hnub, ua lawv cov haujlwm ib txwm.
