Papyrus (Greek Greek) yog cov ntaub ntawv uas siv rau lub sijhawm thaum ub rau sau ntawv hauv tebchaws Egypt thiab lwm lub tebchaws. Tej zaum nws tshwm sim nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sau ntawv, rov qab rau lub sijhawm pre-dynastic hauv Ancient Egypt (qhov kawg ntawm xyoo pua 5 txhiab - kwv yees li 3100 BC).
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog
- - txiv ntaub ntoo;
- - dej;
- - lub lauj kaub lossis ntim rau hauv cov tshuaj soaking;
- - thaj chaw loj rau kev ziab papyrus (pem teb lossis rooj);
- - Cov xovxwm hnyav;
- - zoo xov xwm;
- - Lub nra hnyav lossis ntoo rauj;
- - ib qho cuab yeej smoothing.
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Rau kev tsim cov papyrus, cov nroj tsuag ntawm tib lub npe (Cyperus papyrus), uas loj hlob ntawm ntug dej ntawm Nile, tau siv yav tas los. Niaj hnub no, cov paj ntaub nplaum ntawm tsev neeg sedge tau yuav luag ploj mus. Muab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov canvas rau kev sau ntawv yog qhov yooj yim thiab ua tau ntau hauv tsev.
Kauj ruam 2
Txhawm rau ua cov ntaub khov rau kev sau ntawv, freshly khaws cov nplooj ntawm papyrus yuav tsum tau tev tawm los ntawm daim tawv ntoo. Lub qia yog txiav heev thinly, kom lub qhov siab tshaj plaws. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov khoom siv sab nraud thiab cov tub ntxhais sib dhos yog qhov zoo ib yam nkaus.
Kauj ruam 3
Muaj piam thaj ntau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm qhov uas khuam tas. Rau qhov no, ib daim hlab tau los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog tsau hauv dej. Cov khoom yuav tsum muab tsau kom txog rau thaum cov piam thaj ntau dhau mus thiab cov dej hloov kom yoov.
Kauj ruam 4
Tom ntej no, cov khoom ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau npaj kom qhuav. Tso cov kab txaij tso rau hauv qab cov ntawv xov xwm hnyav kom tso cai rau lub khob dej ntau dua thiab ua kom haum rau cov fibers.
Kauj ruam 5
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau ua daim ntawv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nyob rau thaj chaw tiaj (pem teb lossis rooj), kis cov kab ntawv papyrus ib sab ntawm ib sab nrog me ntsis sib tshooj. Txheej thib ob txheej ntawm cov khoom ntawm sab saum toj ntawm txoj cai ces kaum rau thawj. Npog sab saum toj nrog daim ntaub nyias nyias. Tag nrho cov no nyob rau hauv ib teev yuav tsum tau sib tsoo nrog cov sibntsib thiab lossis cov cav ntoo. Hauv tebchaws Egypt qub, qhov no tau ua nrog lub pob zeb sib npaug, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev tuav los ntawm txhais tes.
Kauj Ruam 6
Ziab cov papyrus: Muab cov hnyav xovxwm rau sab saum toj ntawm cov ntawv txiav tawm thiab ua rau lawv qhuav rau ib lub lim tiam. Thaum lub sij hawm ua cov txheej txheem ziab, cov piam thaj uas tseem tshuav nyob hauv cov seem yuav khov kho cov ntawv sib xyaw ua ke thiab tsim cov nplooj ntawv txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev sau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 7
Ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov nplooj ntawv qhuav ntawm papyrus raug ntaus tawm nrog tus neeg ntaus pob thiab smoothed, glued rau hauv cov ntawv seem lossis stitched rau hauv phau ntawv.
Kauj ruam 8
Lub ntsej muag tau siv rau kev sau ntawv yog ib qho ntawm cov txiag uas tau nyob hauv kab rov tav. Nws tuaj yeem siv sab rov qab tsuas yog thaum lub ntsiab lus tsis xav tau ntxiv lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau dua li tsis muaj, cov ntawv nyeem tsis tseem ceeb tau muab yaug tawm.
