Cov Pob Zeb Tsim: Ua Li Cas Lawv Tsim Thiab Qhov Lawv Siv

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov Pob Zeb Tsim: Ua Li Cas Lawv Tsim Thiab Qhov Lawv Siv
Cov Pob Zeb Tsim: Ua Li Cas Lawv Tsim Thiab Qhov Lawv Siv

Video: Cov Pob Zeb Tsim: Ua Li Cas Lawv Tsim Thiab Qhov Lawv Siv

Video: Cov Pob Zeb Tsim: Ua Li Cas Lawv Tsim Thiab Qhov Lawv Siv
Video: FullHD 1080p Nyab Laj Tsim Txom Hmoob Thiab Qhov Tseeb 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Tus txiv neej niaj hnub tau tsim ntau yam: tshuab, ntaub, thiab khoom. Nws tsis yog txhua qhov tsim nyog los hu khoom cuav. Feem ntau, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv no tsis yog qhov phem tshaj qhov qub. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pob zeb muaj nqi.

Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv
Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv

Lub epithets "ntuj" thiab "eco-friendly" feem ntau ua kev txiav txim siab qhov kev txiav txim siab thaum xaiv. Hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov khoom siv coj los ua ke yog qhov xav tau ntau. Lawv tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv lwm thaj chaw zoo li.

Keeb kwm me ntsis

Cov pob zeb hluavtaws sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov khoom ntuj hauv cov tsos, cov khoom, thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Lub ntsiab sib txawv tseem yog lub hauv paus chiv keeb, txawm hais tias txawm tias txheej txheem kev tsim duplicates kev loj hlob ntawm cov muaju hauv xwm. Kev qog tsis tsis rov ua dua los yog cov khoom siv. Nws txoj haujlwm yog kom rov ua tsuas yog lub ntsej muag. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv zoo li no siv rau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.

Txij li thaum Renaissance, alchemists tau sim los tsim cov khoom kim siv cov khoom pheej yig dua. Nws tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb loj ntawm alchemy, tab sis niaj hnub chemistry thiab physics tau tsim los ntawm nws lub hauv paus.

Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tau txais cov ntxhia hluavtaws. Lawv tseem tau tshaj lawv lub ntuj sib piv hauv qee tus yam ntxwv. Synthetic rubies tau nthuav tawm hauv Paris xyoo 1885. Xyoo 1892 Auguste Verneuil tau thov nws txoj hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Verneuil tus qauv muab kev lag luam nrog lwm lub pov haum zoo li. Ntxiv rau, Czochralski txujci thiab hydrothermal txujci tau dav siv.

Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv
Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv

Cov tswv yim tseem ceeb

Raws li lub thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis los ntawm Fabkis tus kws kho mob, hydrogen tau muab rau cov hluav taws kub qhia los ntawm lub taub dej sab hauv qis nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tus yeeb nkab sab nraud. Tus neeg nqa khoom siv lead ua, ci corundum, muab tso rau hauv qab lub nozzle. Cov pa oxygen tau ntws mus rau nws los ntawm lub raj sab hauv nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm aluminium oxide hmoov. Lub tom kawg raug rhuab thiab yaj. Lub nchuav sib xyaw nchuav rau hauv corundum, sib sau lub pob. Cov txheej txheem los ua dav hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Asmeskas.

Raws li txoj kev Czochralski, cov hmoov yaj tau rhaub los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm nyob hauv qhov ntsuas kom tau rov qab los. Cov siv lead ua yav tom ntej tau nce mus rau qhov xav tau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv nruj, tig mus rau tusyees faib cov khoom thiab sib npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas kub. Cov qauv no tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv cov thev naus laus zis.

Hauv autoclaves nrog kev daws ntawm cov ntxhia yam xav tau, qhov kev loj hlob tau nqa tawm los ntawm hydrothermal txoj kev. Qhov kub siab dua hauv qab los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev daws teeb meem tau tsa siab, ces tom qab los nag lossis daus.

Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv
Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv

Thaj chaw ntawm kev siv

Txhua lub pob zeb cog hauv chav kuaj tau faib:

  • analogues ntawm ntuj;
  • muaj tsis muaj analogues nyob rau hauv qhov.

Cov qub suav nrog cov khoom siv hluavtaws sapphire, hydrothermal emerald, chromium-muaj chrysoberyl, hluavtaws moissanite thiab ruby, thiab synthesized pob zeb diamond. Pab pawg thib ob yog sawv cev los ntawm Swarovski muaju, fabulite, alpinite, yttrium-aluminium thiab gadolinium-gallium garnet, sital, sapphire iav. Qhov zoo siab, hauv qhov xwm, ib qho qauv ntawm cubic zirconia, tazheranite, tau pom tom qab kev sib txuas ntawm cov siv lead ua.

Nws yuav luag tsis pom qhov txawv ntawm synthesized thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub uas tsis muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Cov pob zeb cuav yog qhov sib txawv los ntawm kev ua kom muaj xim ntau xim, ntau xim kab lossis "chij" hauv thaj chaw loj hlob, tsis muaj qhov tsis ua kom tsis huv thiab tawg, ua npuas me me.

Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv
Cov pob zeb tsim: ua li cas lawv tsim thiab qhov lawv siv

Hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, muaju ntawm nruab nrab cov khoom siv tau zoo: cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab tshem tawm qhov tsis xws thaum ua haujlwm. Kuaj-ua cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog siv rau kev txiav cov cuab yeej, high-precision optics, laser technology thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Pom zoo: